Degradation of Lithium-Ion batteries and how to fight it: A review

Kanevskii, L. S.; Dubasova, V. S.

doi:10.1007/pl00022096

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…This may be caused by structural conversion ͑including increase in crystalline defects͒ or dissolution of the oxide particles and isolation or blockage of solidphase precipitation on the active particle surfaces. [3][4][5][6]8,10 Another reason for the loss of lithium intercalation sites may be the formation of inactive Ni ions disabling Li intercalation, as claimed most recently. 11 Lower temperatures further exacerbate the capability of lithium intercalation because before lithium intercalation, fewer lithium ions are extracted from oxide particles when fully charged to 4.1 V, due to higher impedance at lower temperature.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Corrosion of current collectors, loss of electronic contact between active particles and with current collectors, and lithium plating at low temperature or overcharge conditions also contribute to capacity fade. [3][4][5][6] These processes lead to the decrease in cyclable lithium, loss of active materials, and rise of cell impedance. 7,8 On the other hand, power fade is directly related to cell-impedance rise.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cycle-Life Characterization of Automotive Lithium-Ion Batteries with LiNiO[sub 2] Cathode

Zhang¹,

Wang²

2009

J. Electrochem. Soc.

253

163

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A set of lithium-ion cells containing a LiNi 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2-based positive electrode and a graphite negative electrode were cycled nonintrusively at high power ͑5C rate͒ and elevated temperature ͑40°C͒. The aged cells were characterized at prescribed cycle numbers ͑up to 5250 cycles͒ by a three-electrode cell, capacity measurement, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy ͑EIS͒. Excellent cyclability of these cells under typical hybrid-electric vehicle conditions is demonstrated by 18% capacity fade after 5250 cycles, and the discharge capacity shows a mainly parabolic behavior with the cycle number ͑N͒ ͑dependent on N 1/2 ͒ in the initial stage and a linear behavior ͑dependent on N͒ for subsequent cycles. Using a lithium reference electrode further reveals that the capacity fade during cycling is primarily caused by the positive electrode, where discharge capacity may be limited by a decrease in active lithium intercalation sites in the oxide particles. The increase in full-cell impedance with cycling is evident from the increase in midfrequency arc width ͑R w ͒, composed of charge-transfer kinetic resistance ͑R ct ͒ and Li + transport resistance through the solid electrolyte interphase ͑SEI͒, R SEI. More specifically, the cell-impedance rise comes mainly from the rising R ct and R SEI of the positive electrode. Based on individual electrode EIS spectra and equivalent-circuit analysis, it is found that the R SEI rise in the positive electrode is far more influential than the change in R ct. Therefore, property modification and thickening of the SEI layer of the positive electrode during cycling appear to be dominant factors in cell-impedance rise and power fade.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cycle-Life Characterization of Automotive Lithium-Ion Batteries with LiNiO[sub 2] Cathode

Zhang¹,

Wang²

2009

J. Electrochem. Soc.

253

163

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…There are a number of degradation mechanisms associated with anode, cathode, electrolyte, separator, current collector and the other components of the battery. [6][7][8][9] Some types of degradation take place even under normal conditions while some others result only under extreme circumstances. Naturally the modeling requirements differ in addressing these kinds of degradations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lack of electronic conductivity in the isolated region permanently entraps Li diffused into the region and leads to capacity fade or deprives active lithium's intercalation into certain regions. There are a number of secondary degradation mechanisms 8,9 such as cathode material dissolution, current collector detachment, dendrite formation, binder decomposition, etc. Under specified controlled conditions these do not take place or some are probabilistic in nature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But none of them address SEI formation and electrode fracture in an integrated fashion to describe cyclic aging. For overview articles on aging one can refer to [7][8][9] and an overview especially on conductivity related issues can be seen in. 57 Severe intercalation-induced stresses could result in fracture and fragmentation of the electrode particles, isolating chunks of material from the rest of the electrode material.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Phenomenological Degradation Model for Cyclic Aging of Lithium Ion Cell Materials

Ramakrishnan

Joglekar

Inguva

2012

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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A phenomenological Li-ion cell degradation model, pertaining to charge-discharge cyclic fatigue, is proposed and validated. It is known that Solid Electrolyte Inter-phase (SEI) formation on the particle surfaces consumes active Li leading to capacity loss. The problem is further aggravated by the creation of fresh surfaces by the fracture that develops as a result of intercalation induced stresses. In addition, fracture could result in isolation of chunks of electrode material or SEI could electronically isolate certain electrode material zones, both essentially rendering the active Li or electrode material ineffective. The degradation leads to increase in electronic resistance and decrease of ionic conductivity as well as diffusivity. Central to the model is a parameter expressed as the normalized reaction surface area, diminishing with charge-discharge cycles. Here, we develop phenomenological evolution expressions for the Fracture, SEI formation and Isolation, and incorporate them in Newman's Porous Composite Electrode framework. The model is implemented in the battery module of COMSOL. Notably, the utility of a lumped parameter ‘ΔSOC*SOCmean’, based on the State of Charge (SOC) is brought out.

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Diffusion‐Induced Stress within Core–Shell Structures and Implications for Robust Electrode Design and Materials Selection

Baker

Cheng

2015

Advances in Electrochemical Sciences and Engineering

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Degradation of Lithium-Ion batteries and how to fight it: A review

Cited by 17 publications

References 122 publications

Cycle-Life Characterization of Automotive Lithium-Ion Batteries with LiNiO[sub 2] Cathode

Cycle-Life Characterization of Automotive Lithium-Ion Batteries with LiNiO[sub 2] Cathode

A Phenomenological Degradation Model for Cyclic Aging of Lithium Ion Cell Materials

Diffusion‐Induced Stress within Core–Shell Structures and Implications for Robust Electrode Design and Materials Selection

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