Degradation of MB and RhB by modified ZrO2 nanoparticles via sunlight

Synthesis of Fe3O4/ZrO2/CuO magnetic nanohybrids and their applications in reducing chromium(vi) and degrading methylene blue under sunlight

“…11,12 Different methods such as electrochemical, sonochemical, photocatalytic, dark-Fenton, photo-Fenton, and electro-Fenton oxidation methods have been applied for the reduction or degradation reactions. [13][14][15] In the photocatalytic approach, as a chemical method, pollutants may be ultimately eliminated before entering wastewater. 16,17 Due to their high chemical and thermal stability, semiconductors are known as the best photocatalysts for the elimination of contaminants.…”

“…16,17 Due to their high chemical and thermal stability, semiconductors are known as the best photocatalysts for the elimination of contaminants. 14 Nevertheless, the vast band gap energy, the high recombination rate of e À /h + pairs, and the poor visible light absorption of these compounds have limited their industrial application in degradation and reduction processes. 18 Enhancement of the photocatalytic activity of these compounds is an ideal challenge, which could lead to the development of an appropriate photocatalytic system for the removal of pollutants from the environment.…”

“…Several nanocomposites have been applied in the photocatalytic degradation of dyes and reduction of toxic compounds. 14,18 As a well-known semiconductor, zirconium dioxide has unique properties such as low cost, environmentally friendly nature, high catalytic activity, high stability, non-toxicity, chemical inertness, and high specific surface area. Owing to these properties, zirconium dioxide has been widely used in a wide array of environmental applications.…”

“…Owing to these properties, zirconium dioxide has been widely used in a wide array of environmental applications. 14,19 However, the rapid recombination of excited electron-hole pairs and the wide band gap energy (3.9-5.0 eV) are obstacles that limit ZrO 2 application to ultraviolet radiation and reduce photocatalytic efficiency in degradation reactions. 5 In this regard, different metals or non-metals are coupled to semiconductors to enhance the charge transfer and reduce the recombination rate of e À /h + .…”

Photocatalytic Degradation of Ortho‐Nitrophenol using ZnO‐β‐CD Nanocomposite

“…For the removal of phenolic compounds photocatalysis uses different types of semiconductors [10] . Photocatalytic reactions generally used these nanocatalysts (ZnS, ZnO, TiO 2 , CdS and Fe 2 O 3 ) for the treatment of waste water as it carry out the complete mineralization of pollutant [8] . Organic visible light driven photocatalyst are organic compounds commonly, which involve conjugated unsaturated bonds and aromatic rings that holds the irradiation energy with the help of quantum vibrations [14] …”