Degradation of Mechanical Properties of Flax/PLA Composites in Hygrothermal Aging Conditions

Wang, Liujiao; Abenojar, Juana; Martínez, Miguel A.; Santiuste, Carlos

doi:10.3390/polym16040528

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Elevated temperatures can accelerate the degradation of Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation and can cause photo-oxidation of PLA/sisal composites, leading to discolouration, surface cracking, and loss of mechanical properties over time [48,56,57]. In environments rich in microorganisms, such as soil or composting facilities, PLA/sisal composites can undergo biodegradation, where microorganisms break down the polymer into simpler compounds [58,59].…”

Section: Recycling and Pla/sisal Composites' Degradation Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Green Composite Utilizing Sisal Strands and Sustainable 3-D Printed PLA Layers

Ramaiah,

Tilahun,

Negawo

et al. 2024

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PLA/Sisal hybrid composites have been used in cars and technical textile applications. When utilized in composites, 3-D-printed PLA layers can improve performance and homogeneity. The primary goal of this research was to use sisal and 3-D-printed polylactic acid (PLA) layers to develop a sustainable bio-composite. To enhance the bonding of sisal fibres with the PLA matrix, sisal fibres were given a sodium hydroxide treatment. This would improve the mechanical and thermal properties of composites. Sisal fibre (between 4 wt% and 8 wt%), epoxy concentration (between 85 wt% and 90 wt%), and PLA 3-D printing infilling percentage (between 90 wt% and 100 wt%) were the independent parameters. The Taguchi L8 orthogonal array design was used to make the composite samples. The changes in the amounts of PLA infill, epoxy matrix concentration, and sisal fibre content were considered for test sample development. The optimal settings for improving their tensile, flexural, and impact capabilities were determined by analyzing their signal-to-noise ratio (S/N). The PLA/sisal fibre composite showed a remarkable level of mechanical properties in Sample 8, surpassing those of the other samples. To improve mechanical and thermal properties, the appropriate values for sisal fibre composition, PLA infilling percentage, and epoxy concentration percentage were 8 per cent, 95 per cent, and 85 per cent, respectively. After testing, the tensile (293–295.4 Megapascal) (Mpa), impact (2.73–4.84 Mpa), and flexural strength (188.5–270.4 Mpa) results show that the new composite has better mechanical behaviour properties. Additionally, FTIR, SEM, and DSC experiments were run to examine the composite's structural characteristics. Using less volatile epoxy resin, a sustainable 3-D-printed PLA layer and Sisal fibre bio-composite were developed.

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Section: Recycling and Pla/sisal Composites' Degradation Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Green Composite Utilizing Sisal Strands and Sustainable 3-D Printed PLA Layers

Ramaiah,

Tilahun,

Negawo

et al. 2024

Text Leather Rev

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Section: Materials and Manufacturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the percentage of crimp was 7.61% and 2.81% for the warp and weft yarns, respectively. Prior works provide a more thorough explanation of the manufacturing process [12][13][14]. (2) The UD/PLA biocomposite was fabricated by alternatively stacking six layers of PLA sheet and five layers of UD fabric in the order of [0 These manufacturing parameters were obtained after several optimization attempts at sample production.…”

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confidence: 99%

Influence of Reinforcement Architecture on Behavior of Flax/PLA Green Composites under Low-Velocity Impact

Charca,

Jiao-Wang,

Santiuste

2024

Materials

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The main goal of this study is the comparison of different reinforcement architectures on the low-velocity impact behavior of green composites. The study includes the comparison of unidirectional, basket weave, and twill weave flax/PLA composites, they are subjected to unidirectional tensile tests, drop-weight impact tests, and after-impact compression tests. Results show that the unidirectional composite demonstrates superior tensile strength and initial modulus due to reduced fiber crimp, while basket weave exhibits the highest energy absorption capability and strain capacity attributed to its higher fiber–weight ratio and fiber crimp. Unidirectional composite also shows a larger impacted damage area compared to basket weave and twill weave, attributed to its internal architecture. Residual compressive strength across all composites decreased by 40% compared to the reference sample. However, the reduction in stiffness after impact was different, UD/PLA composite stiffness was reduced by 30% while the reduction in BW/PLA and T/PLA composites was about 20%.

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Moisture effect on tensile and low‐velocity impact tests of flax fabric‐reinforced PLA biocomposite

Jiao‐Wang,

Charca,

Abenojar

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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This study investigates the hygrothermal aging effect on the tensile and impact behavior of flax/PLA biocomposites. Specimens underwent up to four weeks of conditioning at 40°C in a climate chamber with water. Analysis covered porosity, moisture diffusibility, and transversal microstructure, enabling assessment of tensile strength, tensile modulus, and impact performance in relation to moisture uptake and fiber orientation. The study of tensile properties revealed that at approximately 12% moisture content, stiffness and yield stress decrease, while strength remains constant. Moisture diffusivity is higher in warp and weft yarn directions than the out‐of‐plane direction. Tensile testing at environmental equilibrium moisture reveals greater stiffness in the weft direction, correlated with lower crimp percentage and yarn angle. The main contribution of the paper is the study of the influence of moisture on the impact behavior, the results show that energy absorption capability of flax/PLA biocomposite increases with moisture content.Highlights Fully biodegradable composite material by heat‐compression molding subjected to hygrothermal aging conditions for up to four weeks. The moisture diffusivity in both the warp and weft yarn directions registered higher values in comparison to the out‐of‐plane direction. Tensile testing at environmental equilibrium moisture revealed that the stiffness in the weft direction presented higher values. At 12% of moisture uptake, the stiffness and yield stress reached their lowest values, while strength remained constant. However, the low‐velocity impact properties of the composites exhibited improvement with moisture.

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Degradation of Mechanical Properties of Flax/PLA Composites in Hygrothermal Aging Conditions

Cited by 5 publications

References 37 publications

Development of Green Composite Utilizing Sisal Strands and Sustainable 3-D Printed PLA Layers

Development of Green Composite Utilizing Sisal Strands and Sustainable 3-D Printed PLA Layers

Influence of Reinforcement Architecture on Behavior of Flax/PLA Green Composites under Low-Velocity Impact

Moisture effect on tensile and low‐velocity impact tests of flax fabric‐reinforced PLA biocomposite

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