Degradation of methomyl by the combination ofAminobactersp. MDW-2 andAfipiasp. MDW-3

Abstract

This study presents a bacterial combination of Aminobacter sp. MDW-2 and Afipia sp. MDW-3, which could degrade methomyl completely by biochemical cooperation. This study also proposes the biodegradation pathway of methomyl for the first time and highlights the application potential of a bacterial combination in the remediation of methomyl-contaminated environments.

Removal of the commercial reactive dye Procion Blue MX-7RX from real textile wastewater using the synthesized Fe2O3 nanoparticles at different particle sizes as a source of Fenton's reagent

“…[8][9][10] Conventionally, adsorption, occulation and chlorination were applied for many decades to treat the effluents. [11][12][13] However, such techniques are unfavourable since they are non-destructive as they transfer the pollutant from phase to another one without destroying it. Thus, the result is a new kind of pollution that requires secondary treatment.…”

Current Approaches to and Future Perspectives on Methomyl Degradation in Contaminated Soil/Water Environments

“…Biodegrading micro-organisms, including bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, and algae, can be obtained by enrichment cultures, genetic modification, or gene cloning [70][71][72][73]. Researchers have developed an enrichment culture technique to isolate methomyl-degrading micro-organisms from sewage treatment systems, irrigation areas, and volunteers' stool samples [28][29][30]74]. However, to date, only bacteria and fungi that can completely mineralize or degrade methomyl have been isolated and characterized, while actinomycetes and algae that can degrade methomyl have not been isolated (Table 3).…”

“…Bacteria that co-exist have a higher biodegradation ability than the individual species alone. Zhang et al [29] isolated two bacterial strains, MDW-2 and MDW-3, from wastewater sludge samples and identified them as Aminobacter sp. and Afipia sp., respectively.…”

“…A few reports focus on the isolation and characterization of methomyl-degrading micro-organisms. These microbes include Paracoccus, Pseudomonas, Aminobacter, Flavobacterium, Alcaligenes, Bacillus, Serratia, Novosphingobium, and Trametes [25][26][27][28][29]. Approximately 10% of the applied pesticide reaches target organisms, and the remaining 90% is distributed in the environment where it can adversely affect non-target organisms and ecosystems [10].…”

“…A few reports focus on the isolation and characterization of methomyl-degrading micro-organisms. These microbes include Paracoccus, Pseudomonas, Aminobacter, Flavobacterium, Alcaligenes, Bacillus, Serratia, Novosphingobium, and Trametes [25][26][27][28][29]. Microbial degradation was found to be ecofriendly and acceptable for large-scale bioremediation of methomyl-contaminated sites [30][31][32][33].…”