Degradation of Mn-doped BaTiO3 ceramic under a high d.c. electric field

Rödel, Jürgen; Tomandl, G.

doi:10.1007/bf02396925

Cited by 95 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Effects of Mn doping in BaTiO 3 have been studied because of extensive changes in electrical and dielectrical properties [3][4][5][6][7][16][17][18]. Numerous workers measured the equilibrium electrical conductivity as a function of Po 2 and confirmed that the p-type conductivity at the Po 2 near stoichiometric composition is proportional to the 1/6th power of Po 2 [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Properties of Acceptor Doped BaTiO3

Jeong

Han

2004

J Electroceram

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Electrical properties of acceptor (Mn, Mg or Mn + Mg)-doped BaTiO 3 ceramic have been studied in terms of oxygen vacancy concentration, various doping levels and electrical degradation behaviors. The solubility limit of Mn on Ti sites was confirmed to be close to or less than 1.0 mol%. Oxygen vacancy concentration of Ba(Ti 0.995−x Mg 0.005 Mn x )O 2.995−y (x = 0, 0.005, 0.01) was estimated to be ∼50 times greater than that of the un-doped BaTiO 3 . The leakage current of 0.5 mol% Mn-doped BaTiO 3 was stable with time, which was much lower than that of the un-doped BaTiO 3 . The BaTiO 3 specimen co-doped with 0.5 mol% Mg and 1.0 mol% Mn showed the lowest leakage current below 10 −10 A. It was confirmed that leakage currents of Mg-doped and un-doped BaTiO 3 under dc field are effectively suppressed by Mn co-doping as long as the Mn doping level is greater than Mg contents.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Properties of Acceptor Doped BaTiO3

Jeong

Han

2004

J Electroceram

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“…Microstructure and electrical properties of Mn-doped BaTiO 3 have been extensively studied by numerous researchers [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. For the donor-doped positive temperature coefficient of resistance (PTCR) ceramics, manganese depresses the grain size and enhances the electrical resistivity near the Curie temperature of BaTiO 3 [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. For the based-metal-electrode (BME) MLCCs, undoped-perovskite BaTiO 3 materials are reduced and become semiconductors when fired in the protective atmosphere which is to prevent the internal electrodes from being oxidized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fabrication routes on the microstructure, the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of the Mn-doped BaTiO3 ceramics

et al. 2014

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The effect of fabrication routes on the microstructure, the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of the Mn-doped BaTiO 3 ceramics was systematically studied in the present study. It can be concluded that the ways of doping manganese into BaTiO 3 matrix had a strong impact on the obtained ceramics. Doping manganese after the calcination of BaTiO 3 (BT ? Mn) would inhibit the grain growth and cause the hexagonal BaTiO 3 when sintered at 1,400°C in the air. While doping manganese at the initial stage [BaTi (1-x) Mn x O 3 ], no hexagonal BaTiO 3 is detected in the same sintering temperature. As the macroscopic properties, the dielectric properties showed permittivity diffusion with the frequency in the temperature range of -10 to 150°C only in the ceramics fabricated by the former route (BT ? Mn). Moreover, the dielectric relaxation process disappeared after aging treatment only in the ceramics fabricated by the later route [BaTi (1-x) Mn x O 3 ]. The ferroelectric properties showed strong aging effect in the sample fabricated by the latter route [BaTi (1-x) Mn x O 3 ] both with fine grain and coarse grain, while the sample fabricated by the former route (BT ? Mn) showed slight aging phenomenon ever after aging at room temperature for 10 days. The electrostrain also showed big difference within different samples: The recoverable electrostrain were 0.11 % (BT ? Mn) and 0.21 % [BaTi (1-x) Mn x O 3 ] at the same sintering temperature of 1,320°C and aging in the room temperature for 10 days. Such results were analyzed from the viewpoint of the differences in solubility of manganese and the consequent manganese-oxygen vacancy defect dipoles in the different fabrication routes.

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“…Oxygen vacancies left behind in the dielectrics by this firing atmosphere lower the insulation resistance of the devices and degrade their reliability [3,4,[9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural Analysis of X7R-Type BaTiO3 Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors (MLCCs)

Feng

McConville

2005

J Electroceram

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The microstructures of typical commercial X7R MLCCs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), using tripod polished specimens and ion milled samples. Core-shell structures were clearly observed in the TEM specimens, and glass phases located at the grain boundaries and triple points were frequently observed. Their chemical composition was analyzed using energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), which showed bismuth ions diffused into the shell regions, while the cores were pure BaTiO 3 . X-ray diffraction (XRD) suggested that the predominant phase in the microstructure had pseudocubic global symmetry, while ferroelectric domains were observed in TEM bright field (BF) images. The internal electrodes in the devices were an alloy of Ag/Pd, and these regions were found to have twinned crystal structures. The stress states in the interfaces between the electrodes and the dielectric layers were revealed, and no silver migration in the flux at the electrode-dielectric interfaces was observed.

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Degradation of Mn-doped BaTiO3 ceramic under a high d.c. electric field

Cited by 95 publications

References 12 publications

Electrical Properties of Acceptor Doped BaTiO3

Electrical Properties of Acceptor Doped BaTiO3

Effect of fabrication routes on the microstructure, the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of the Mn-doped BaTiO3 ceramics

Microstructural Analysis of X7R-Type BaTiO3 Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors (MLCCs)

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