Degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in seawater by ionizing radiation

Aromatic units from the macromolecular material in meteorites: Molecular probes of cosmic environments

“…Polymerisation could have begun at the low temperatures of interstellar space where aromatic units would accrete to form icy mantles around interstellar grains, and be processed by ultraviolet light and other forms of radiation (Greenberg, 1993). The juxtaposition of organic matter, water ice and radiation would have generated hydroxyl radicals in situ which would react with the aromatic substituents (Almeida et al, 2006) to provide the requisite starting materials for polymerisation via ester and ether bonds which are then susceptible to liberation by alkaline cupric oxidation and hydrogenation during analysis in terrestrial laboratories. Support for an interstellar ion-molecule reaction source for substituted benzenes can be derived from the proposition that aromatic hydrocarbons are molecular survivors in the harsh radiation environment of space and that ionisation of both methane and aromatic hydrocarbons is commonplace in dense clouds (Herbst, 2001).…”

Occupational Exposures and Health Risks of Benzene, Toluene, and Xylenes (BTX) in Automobile Repair Industry in Beijing City, China

“…In the workplace, they are mainly inhaled into the body in the form of vapor, causing great harm to human health. Long-term exposure can damage the nervous system, [1][2][3] reproductive system, [4][5][6][7][8] and hematopoietic system; [9][10][11][12] cause cytogenetic changes; [13][14][15][16] and even cause cancer. [17][18][19][20] In China, benzene poisoning has been the top three of chronic occupational poisoning in recent years.…”

“…In the workplace, they are mainly inhaled into the body in the form of vapor, causing great harm to human health. Long-term exposure can damage the nervous system, 1-3 reproductive system, 4-8 and hematopoietic system; 9-12 cause cytogenetic changes; 13-16 and even cause cancer. 17-20…”

Radiation induced degradation of antiepileptic drug primidone in aqueous solution

“…Moreover, pollutants can be degraded in most cases to less toxic and in some cases to more biodegradable compounds by ionizing irradiation. Finally, the organic pollutants can be converted to carbon dioxide and water [29,30]. However, at present, the economic feasibility of this method is often not acceptable.…”