Degradation of phenanthrene by Phanerochaete chrysosporium occurs under ligninolytic as well as nonligninolytic conditions

Abstract

In order to delineate the roles of lignin and manganese peroxidases in the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by Phanerochaete chrysosporium, the biodegradation of phenanthrene (chosen as a model for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) was investigated. The disappearance of phenanthrene from the extracellular medium and mycelia was determined by using gas chromatography. The disappearance of phenanthrene from cultures of wild-type strains BKM-F1767 (ATCC 24725) and ME446 (ATCC 34541) under ligninolytic (low-nitrogen) as well as nonligninolytic (high-nitrogen) conditions was observed. The study was extended to two homokaryotic (basidiospore-derived) isolates of strain ME446. Both homokaryotic isolates, ME446-B19 (which produces lignin and manganese peroxidases only in low-nitrogen medium) and ME446-B5 (which totally lacks lignin and manganese peroxidase activities), caused the disappearance of phenanthrene when grown in lowas well as high-nitrogen media. Moreover, lignin and manganese peroxidase activities were not detected in any of the cultures incubated in the presence of phenanthrene. Additionally, the mineralization of phenanthrene was observed even under nonligninolytic conditions. The results collectively indicate that lignin

One-electron oxidation in the degradation of creosote polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by Phanerochaete chrysosporium

“…The concentrations of the 12 PAHs of interest in this final creosote extract were determined by comparison of peak areas with four-point standard curves (r Ն 0.998); concentrations of all PAHs except anthracene were between 10 Ϫ3 and 10 Ϫ4 M ( Table 1). 14 (5,(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) C; 7.92 mCi/mmol; 97% pure) and benzo[a]pyrene (7,10-14 C; 9.65 mCi/mmol; 98% pure) were obtained from California Bionuclear Corporation (Los Angeles, Calif.). [ 14 C]phenanthrene (9-14 C; 10.9 mCi/mmol; 99% pure) was from Sigma (St. Louis, Mo.…”

“…In the intervening years, extensive research to better define the range of PAH compounds subject to degradation by this fungus has been conducted. Liquid culture studies have documented the degradation and/or mineralization of a wide array of PAHs, with phenanthrene (3,9,12,22,31), fluorene and benzofluorenes (3), anthracene (3,10,13,35), fluoranthene (3), pyrene (3,14), benz[a]anthracene (3), and benzo[a]pyrene (4, 10, 27) among them.…”

Cytochrome P450 of wood‐rotting basidiomycetes and biotechnological applications

“…These aromatic pollutants are converted to substituted benzoquinones, hydroxybenzenes, and other intermediates via the action of extracellular peroxidases and intracellular quinone reductase . Although quinone formation catalyzed by LiP and MnP has been shown to play an important role in the degradation of a variety of aromatic xenobiotics, the degradation rates of several PAHs do not correlate with the activities of extracellular ligninolytic enzymes . The white‐rot basidiomycetes in the genus Pleurotus , which have much less LiP activity than the well‐studied LiP‐producing fungus P. chrysosporium , are also capable of metabolizing PAHs .…”

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Removal from Soil by Surfactant Solubilization and Phanerochaete chrysosporium Oxidation

“…discharge limit (see Table 5). The performance of the Results support previous studies that show that the re-RBC reactor in continuous operation can be enhanced moval of pollutants is not always linked with lignin peroxito reduce concentrations of pyrene and benzo(a)pyrene dase activity (Dhawale et al, 1992;Alleman et al, 1995). to below their discharge limits by either increasing the residence time in the RBC reactor, or decreasing initial…”