Degradation of Phenol in Pharmaceutical Wastewater using TiO2/Pumice and O3/Active Carbon

Abstract

Phenol is a toxic organic compound that detectable in the pharmaceutical wastewater, and therefore it should be eliminated. This study aims to degrade phenol in the pharmaceutical wastewater treatment using Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) include the photocatalytic process applying Titanium Oxide (TiO2) that immobilized on pumice stone (PS), as well as ozone process with O3 and O3/granulated activated carbon (GAC). Degradation system used two configuration reactors that worked alternately at pH 3 and 9. Photocatalysis was conducted for 4 hours in the photoreactor that equipped with mercury lamp as a photon source, while ozonation was performed for 1 hour in the cylinder glass reactor contained an ozone generator. Phenol degradations were done by photocatalysis, ozonation, photocatalysis followed by ozonation and vice versa. The FESEM-EDS and XRD results depicted that TiO2 has impregnated on pumice stone and FESEM characterization also indicated that the photocatalyst spread across the surface of the pumice stone. BET analysis results in an increased surface area of the PS-TiO2 by 3.7 times, whereas bandgap energy down to 3 eV. It can be concluded that ozone process (with O3/GAC) that followed by photocatalysis at pH 9 could treat the liquid waste with phenol concentration 11.2 down to 1.2 ppm that nearly according to the discharge standards quality (1 ppm). Copyright © 2020 BCREC Group. All rights reserved

Degradation of Ciprofloxacin by Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) Nanoparticles: Optimization of Conditions, Toxicity, and Degradation Pathway

“…Meanwhile, in alkaline conditions the amount of ciprofloxacin adsorbed onto the TiO2 surface decreases the value of % degradation. Similar results showing the best conditions, namely acidic conditions, were shown in the degradation studies of methylene blue dye [30] and phenol [31]. The interaction of ciprofloxacin with TiO2 nanoparticles in acidic conditions when exposed to light [28] is as follows:…”

Multi-criteria decision-making for prioritizing photocatalytic processes followed by TiO2-MIL-53(Fe) characterization and application for diazinon removal

“…With a molecular weight of 79.87 g/mol, TiO 2 is a traditional photocatalyst used in the experimental removal of persistent pollutants. It is a readily available material with an easy application 35 . Thus, it gains a high score on availability.…”

Combined Analytical Study on Chemical Transformations and Detoxification of Model Phenolic Pollutants during Various Advanced Oxidation Treatment Processes

“…Their degradation could be faster by subsequent PC. Such complementarity has been stimulating interest in the sequential method (SQ) [ 38 , 39 ], but research on it is scarce, according to our survey.…”