Degradation of RPV steel structure after 45 years of operation in the VVER-440 reactor

Кулешова, Е. А.; Fedotova, Svetlana; Zhuchkov, G.M.; Erak, A. D.; Saltykov, M. A.; Dementyeva, M. M.; Алексеева, Е. В.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2020.152362

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The paper [17] showed that copper depletion in the matrix of RPV steel, irradiated for 45 years, amounted to more than 70% and phosphorus about 50%, while for steel, which was at the same time exposed to the temperature without irradiation, this value was 3% for copper, and there was no depletion of other elements.…”

Section: High-cu Materialsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…All RPVs were either decommissioned or compensatory measures were taken to ensure further operation, i.e., recovery annealing of the weld opposite the core with the most severe radiation embrittlement. The phase formation kinetics in Russian high-Cu steels in 'irradiation-annealing-irradiation' cycles is reviewed in [17].…”

Section: High-cu Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the concentration of phosphorus in precipitates in irradiated WM (with high Mn content) is higher than in BM, in which phosphorus is spent on the formation of grain-boundary segregations (see Figure 4b). This is due to the peculiarities of grain-boundary segregation of phosphorus in materials with different structures and initial phase compositions [17].…”

Section: High-cu Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Operational Factors on Phase Formation Patterns in the Light-Water Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels

Fedotova,

Kuleshova

2023

Metals

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This paper presents the results of atom probe tomography studies on radiation-induced phase formation in light-water reactor pressure vessel steels after neutron irradiation under various conditions in comparison with the literature data. The given irradiation conditions are fluence (10–100) × 1022 m−2, flux (5–2700) × 1014 m−2s−1 and irradiation temperature (50–400) °C. The composition of the studied steels varies in a wide range for the elements significantly affecting radiation and thermal resistance of steels: Ni in the range of 0.2–6.0 wt.%, Mn–0.03–1.1 wt.%, Cu–0.01–0.16 wt.%, and P–0.01–0.03 wt.%. The number density, volume fraction, size, composition, and nucleation sites of precipitates are determined. The regularities of the effect of various operational factors on the phase formation in these steels have been analyzed and revealed. The study shows that in materials with high copper content, Cu-rich precipitates are formed by a radiation-enhanced mechanism. In materials with low copper content, their formation upon irradiation at 300 °C occurs by a radiation-induced mechanism since the main nucleation sites are point defect clusters formed in cascades. At the same time, the density, volume fraction, and composition of the precipitates depend on the steel composition (Ni and Mn content). In the steel with increased Ni content up to 5 wt.% but with ultra-low Mn content ≤ 0.03 wt.%, it is possible to suppress the formation of Ni-Si-Mn precipitates under irradiation.

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Section: High-cu Materialsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: High-cu Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: High-cu Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Operational Factors on Phase Formation Patterns in the Light-Water Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels

Fedotova,

Kuleshova

2023

Metals

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“…Reaction pressure vessel (RPV) steel is a typical ferritic steel and serves as an important component in nuclear reactors. Complex solute defective nanoclusters generated by neutron irradiation are the main cause of its embrittlement [5,7,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Among them, Cu [7,10,11,13,14] and P [7,10,17], as impurity elements that are difficult to remove completely from RPV steel, have received * Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Complex solute defective nanoclusters generated by neutron irradiation are the main cause of its embrittlement [5,7,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Among them, Cu [7,10,11,13,14] and P [7,10,17], as impurity elements that are difficult to remove completely from RPV steel, have received * Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed. special attention because of their particularly pronounced effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First-principles calculation of self-interstitial atom-impurity atom interactions in ferritic steel

Li,

Duan,

Qiang

2024

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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In this study, the interactions between self-interstitial atoms (SIA) and impurity atoms(Cu and P) in the bcc-Fe matrix have been investigated using the first principlesapproach. The results show that Cu and P atoms are more prone to segregation onperpendicular and parallel surfaces containing dumbbell atoms, respectively. Next, bycombining the charge density difference and considering the electronic structure andlattice distortion, the origin of the binding energy of complexes formed between SIAand impurity atoms was discussed. The results show that as the number of impurityatoms increases, the atomic bonds formed by the interactions between the impurityatoms decrease the binding energy between single impurity atoms and the matrix andreduce the strain field around them, resulting in an increase in the stability of thecomplexes. Comparison with previous experimental results revealed the reasons for thechanges in atomic occupancy during the segregation of Cu and P atoms. The resultsprovide insights into the behavior of impurity atoms in irradiated materials and provide

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On the iron content of Mn-Ni-Si-rich clusters that form in reactor pressure vessel steels during exposure to neutron irradiation

Jenkins,

Zakirov,

Vurpillot

et al. 2024

Acta Materialia

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Degradation of RPV steel structure after 45 years of operation in the VVER-440 reactor

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

The Effect of Operational Factors on Phase Formation Patterns in the Light-Water Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels

The Effect of Operational Factors on Phase Formation Patterns in the Light-Water Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels

First-principles calculation of self-interstitial atom-impurity atom interactions in ferritic steel

On the iron content of Mn-Ni-Si-rich clusters that form in reactor pressure vessel steels during exposure to neutron irradiation

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