Degradation of sulcotrione in a brown soil amended with various organic matters

Abstract

-We investigated sulcotrione degradation in a sandy-silty brown soil. The agricultural field was divided into three small plots ten years ago, named plots R for reference, M for manure and CM for compost manure. The degradation experiment was conducted under controlled laboratory conditions using 14 C benzene uniformly ring-labelled sulcotrione. In the first month of the experiment, 80% of the residues was extractable with solvent, 55% of sulcotrione was degraded, including 45% into 2-chloro-4-methylsulfonylbenzoïc acid (CMBA), the most abundant metabolite of sulcotrione. 10% of the residues was mineralised. After two months, 40% of the residues was extractable, including 16% of sulcotrione, 25% was mineralised and 35% formed non-extractable residues. Soil amended with different organic matters favoured transformation of sulcotrione in soil. The fresh manure amendment activated mineralisation of 10%, and the compost manure amendment induced a lower ratio of extractable sulcotrione at a level of 5%.sulcotrione / degradation / persistence / soil / organic amendments / mineralisation Résumé -Dégradation de la sulcotrione dans un sol brun amendé avec différents apports organiques. La dégradation de la sulcotrione dans le sol a été évaluée en conditions de laboratoire à l'aide de la molécule uniformément marquée au 14 C sur le noyau benzénique. Le sol utilisé présente une texture limono-sableuse et est issu d'une parcelle divisée en trois sous parcelles recevant différents apports organiques depuis dix ans. Les terres issues de ces trois sous parcelles sont nommées respectivement terre R (référence), M (fumier) et CM (fumier composté). Lors du premier mois d'expérimentation 80 % des résidus restent extractibles, 55 % de la sulcotrione est dégradée dont 45 % en CMBA (2-chloro-4-methylsulfonylbenzoïc acide) son métabolite majeur. Seul 10 % des résidus sont minéralisés. Au bout de deux mois, 40 % des résidus sont extractibles au solvant dont 16 % de sulcotrione, 25 % sont minéralisés et 35 % forment des résidus non-extractibles. Lors d'amendements organiques, la transformation de la sulcotrione dans le sol est favorisée. L'apport de fumier active de 10 % la minéralisation des résidus et l'apport de fumier composté induit un ratio de sulcotrione extractible faible de l'ordre de 5 %.sulcotrione / dégradation / persistance / sol / amendement organique / minéralisation

Isolation and characterisation of a bacterial strain degrading the herbicide sulcotrione from an agricultural soil

“…21 DNA amplification was carried out in a 25 µL mixture using 50 ng of extracted DNA as template in 5 µL of 5× Giescher buffer [83 mM of (NH 4 • C for 6 min, 30 cycles at 94…”

Comparison of the leaching behaviour of two maize herbicides: atrazine and sulcotrione

“…DEA = desethylatrazine; DIA = deisopropylatrazine and OH-atz = hydroxyatrazine. 298 R. Cherrier et al (1996), Rouchaud et al (1998b) and Cherrier et al (2004) for sulcotrione, and Kaufman et al (1970) and Houot et al (2000) for the atrazine, explained the high contents of both products and their metabolites for 20 days after treatment and the decrease between days 20 and 65 after treatment (Tabs. I, II, Figs.…”

“…Wilson and Foy (1992) showed that sulcotrione adsorption is correlated to the soil organic matter content. According to Rouchaud et al (1996Rouchaud et al ( , 1998a and Baer (1996) and Cherrier et al (2004), sulcotrione is persistent for a short time but mobile. Its degradation produces three metabolites, of which CMBA (2-chloro-4(methylsulfonyl)benzoïc acid) is the main metabolite with no herbicide activity.…”

Cytotoxicity on Allium cepa of the two main sulcotrione photoproducts, xanthene-1,9-dione-3,4-dihydro-6-methylsulphonyl and 2-chloro-4-mesylbenzoic acid

“…It is applied on corn crop at 400 g.ha −1 to control development of broad leaf weeds [2]. In target plant species, sulcotrione is absorbed by leaves and roots [3,4] and inhibits the enzyme 4-hydroxyphenyl pyruvate dioxygenase (p-HPPD) [5,6], leading to a massive accumulation of phytoene and a decrease in chlorophyll and carotenoid levels [7,8], which induce necrosis and death of sensitive plants.…”

“…Sulcotrione degradation in the soil is influenced by biotic and/or abiotic factors [3]. Half-life ranges between 45 and 65 days in soil and is 8 days with microflora [2].…”