Degradation of tetracycline by peroxymonosulfate activated with zero-valent iron: Performance, intermediates, toxicity and mechanism

Application of Biochar Derived From Pyrolysis of Waste Fiberboard on Tetracycline Adsorption in Aqueous Solution

“…TC is hard to metabolize and was extensively excreted (up to 90%) in urine and feces from human and animals (Jang et al, 2018;Li et al, 2018;Selmi et al, 2018;Jang and Kan, 2019). It has been reported that TC was widely found in various water bodies, e.g., surface water, groundwater, and even drinking water (Jeong et al, 2010;Cao et al, 2019;Zhang et al, 2019). Antibiotics removal from water bodies is highly interesting for many researchers worldwide.…”

“…Antibiotics removal from water bodies is highly interesting for many researchers worldwide. Various technologies were adopted to remove TC, including biological, electrochemical, membrane, advanced oxidation process, and adsorption process (Jeong et al, 2010;Cao et al, 2019;Smyk et al, 2019). In comparison with other approaches, adsorption is outstanding for its unique advantages like easy operation, low toxicity, low energy cost, as well as high removal efficiency at low concentrations (Han et al, 2019;Regkouzas and Diamadopoulos, 2019;Shaheen et al, 2019).…”

Removal of Tetracycline Hydrochloride (TCH) in Simulated Wastewater by Zero-Valent Iron with Ultrasonic Irradiation (US-ZIV)

“…Obviously, the results show that the initial zerovalent iron dosage is a factor affecting the process of reducing tetracycline hydrochloride in the US-ZVI system, the removal efficiency of tetracycline hydrochloride can be increased with the increase of the initial zero-valent iron dosage from 0.1 g•L -1 to 0.5 g•L -1 . Since the total surface area of ZVI increases with the increase of the initial ZVI concentration, the mass transfer rate of intermediates, products and reactants in the solution phase with the Fe 0 surface increases [58,59], and the reduction of Fe 0 is enhanced. In addition, Fe 0 has electrochemical characteristics.…”

“…Since the lifetime of the free radical •H produced by the microscopic primary battery on the surface of the ZVI particle is very short [62,63], the reduction process of tetracycline hydrochloride mainly occurs on the surface of the ZVI particle. Adding ultrasonic wave can improve the mixing intensity of the US-ZVI system [64], in addition to the mass transport rates between intermediates, products and reactants and Fe 0 surface, which can also be accelerated [58,59], thus accelerating the chemical reaction on the surface of zero-valent iron.…”

“…Therefore, the higher removal efficiency of tetracycline hydrochloride by the US-ZVI system is mainly due to the enhancement of ZVI by ultrasonic irradiation. ZVI particles could be fluidized completely by ultrasonic irradiation [65], and the mass transport rates of intermediates, products and reactants between the solution phase and the Fe 0 surfaces are increased [58,59]. In addition, ultrasonic radiation can remove iron contaminants and corrosion products deposited…”