“…Zidovudine, lamivudine, and nevirapine were detected in rivers in Kenya at μg L −1 level (Koreje et al, 2012). Biodegradation, photodegradation, and ozonation of oseltamivir and its carboxylates have been studied via bench-scale experiments as well as investigations in sewage treatment plants (Accinelli et al, 2007(Accinelli et al, , 2010aBartels and von Tumpling, 2008;Ghosh et al, 2010a,b;Goncalves et al, 2011;Mestankova et al, 2012;Sacca et al, 2009). Recently, Prasse et al (2011) revealed rapid biotransformation of acyclovir and penciclovir in activated sludge, whereas the transformation product of acyclovir, carboxy-acyclovir was found to be persistent and was detected in drinking water, groundwater, and surface water from 40 ng L −1 to 3.2 μg L −1 .…”