Degradation of the Vila Maria Spring in Garanhuns–PE

Abstract

This research aimed to analyze the degradation of the Vila Maria spring, located in the Magano neighborhood in the municipality of Garanhuns in the state of Pernambuco. The municipality's terrain is marked by undulated landform, especially hills, which allied to the accelerated rhythm of urban expansion without adequate planning, resulted in the occupation of risk areas such as slopes as well as environmental protection areas such as the adjacencies of springs. The analysis was carried out through a terrain modeling process in a geoprocessing environment and by data collected on visits to the study area. An analysis of the region's NDVI from years 2008 to 2018 was also performed. The analysis confirmed the Vila Maria spring's water degradation and found that it was aggravated by an inadequate disposal of rainwater through surface water drains which contributed to the intensification of erosive processes that generated a gully in the vicinity. The NDVI analysis found low average values with an increase from 2008 to 2018 during the wet season. This fact can be explained by the constant urban expansion which as has been utilizing slopes from the microbasin for the disposal of rainwater which allied to the constant flow of the Vila Maria spring, provides a constant supply of water to the vegetation cover. Moreover, it was possible to observe the misuse of the spring's water flow by the public administration which has most of its flow integrated to the surface water drainage system and it is disposed at the bottom of the slope going through a high risk of contamination.

Assessment of Land Use, Cover Changes, and Fire Hotspots in a Conservation Unit: A 20-Year Analysis

“…As stated by Silva et al (2020), the utilization of satellite imagery for land use and land cover classification enables the assessment of regional and temporal conditions in specific locations, as demonstrated in Figures 4 and 5. Bezerra et al (2019) have emphasized the importance of using geotechnologies to monitor the native vegetation, as well as the macro and micro fauna, to avoid the unwanted effects of unplanned or illegal anthropogenic interventions, which can compromise the function and the ecosystems services provided by PEMP. Silva et al (2018) applied remote sensing in an EPA located in São Francisco River basin, on the banks of Sobradinho lake in neighboring Bahia State.…”

Mudanças espaço-temporais no uso e cobertura da terra na bacia hidrográfica do rio Pontal a partir de dados referenciais do Google Earth Pro

“…A necessidade de oferecer respostas para os mais variados problemas ambientais fez dos produtos da série Landsat um dos mais utilizados para o monitoramento e gestão ambiental e diferentes unidades de observação. Atualmente, inúmeros trabalhos foram desenvolvidos, com diferentes abordagens, que vão desde as investigações dos impactos das mudanças no uso e cobertura da terra sobre os recursos hídricos, à questões climáticas e de produtividade agrícola (Silva et al, 2013;Machado et al, 2014;Bezerra et al, (2019);Allam;Bakr;Elbably, 2019;Desta;Fetene, 2020;Murad;Pearse, 2018;Shi et al, 2019;Wang, Q. et al, 2020;Lacerda et al, 2020;Lima et al, 2021;Galvincio e Luz, 2021).…”