Degranulation of eosinophils from pollen-atopic patients with asthma is increased during pollen season†

Carlson, Marie; Håkansson, Lena; Kämpe, Mary; Stålenheim, Gunnemar; Peterson, Christer; Venge, Per

doi:10.1016/s0091-6749(05)80050-8

Cited by 97 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Several priming‐dependent eosinophil responses, such as migration 45, adhesion 46, and degranulation 47, have been shown to be amplified in allergic patients. Moreover, a ‘hyperadhesive’ eosinophil phenotype, characterized by increased levels of the adhesion molecule integrin α M β 2 (CD11b/CD18) has been described in allergic patients after allergen challenge 48.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoid receptor 2 augments eosinophil responsiveness and aggravates allergen‐induced pulmonary inflammation in mice

Frei

Luschnig

Parzmair

et al. 2016

Allergy

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BackgroundAccumulation of activated eosinophils in tissue is a hallmark of allergic inflammation. The endocannabinoid 2‐arachidonoylglycerol (2‐AG) has been proposed to elicit eosinophil migration in a CB 2 receptor/Gi/o‐dependent manner. However, it has been claimed recently that this process may also involve other mechanisms such as cytokine priming and the metabolism of 2‐AG into eicosanoids. Here, we explored the direct contribution of specific CB 2 receptor activation to human and mouse eosinophil effector function in vitro and in vivo.Methods In vitro studies including CB 2 expression, adhesion and migratory responsiveness, respiratory burst, degranulation, and calcium mobilization were conducted in human peripheral blood eosinophils and mouse bone marrow‐derived eosinophils. Allergic airway inflammation was assessed in mouse models of acute OVA‐induced asthma and directed eosinophil migration.Results CB 2 expression was significantly higher in eosinophils from symptomatic allergic donors. The selective CB 2 receptor agonist JWH‐133 induced a moderate migratory response in eosinophils. However, short‐term exposure to JWH‐133 potently enhanced chemoattractant‐induced eosinophil shape change, chemotaxis, CD11b surface expression, and adhesion as well as production of reactive oxygen species. Receptor specificity of the observed effects was confirmed in eosinophils from CB 2 knockout mice and by using the selective CB 2 antagonist SR144528. Of note, systemic application of JWH‐133 clearly primed eosinophil‐directed migration in vivo and aggravated both AHR and eosinophil influx into the airways in a CB 2‐specific manner. This effect was completely absent in eosinophil‐deficient ∆dblGATA mice.ConclusionOur data indicate that CB 2 may directly contribute to the pathogenesis of eosinophil‐driven diseases. Moreover, we provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the CB 2‐mediated priming of eosinophils. Hence, antagonism of CB 2 receptors may represent a novel pharmacological approach for the treatment of allergic inflammation and other eosinophilic disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoid receptor 2 augments eosinophil responsiveness and aggravates allergen‐induced pulmonary inflammation in mice

Frei

Luschnig

Parzmair

et al. 2016

Allergy

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“…Antigen provocation of sensitized individuals induces both an increased number of eosinophils and a further reduction in cellular density (39). In S. mansoni-infected patients, enhanced eosinophil activity correlated with the infection intensity (64,65), and in patients who are allergic to pollen, eosinophils released relatively more ECP and EPX in vitro when stimulated during the pollen season than they did out of season (10). This implies that eosinophilia involves an increase in eosinophil numbers and the up-regulation of functional capacities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eosinophil Activity inSchistosoma mansoniInfections In Vivo and In Vitro in Relation to Plasma Cytokine Profile Pre- and Posttreatment with Praziquantel

Reimert

Fitzsimmons

Joseph

et al. 2006

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Eosinophil activity in vivo and in vitro was studied in relation to infection intensities and plasma cytokine profiles of 51 Schistosoma mansoni-infected Ugandan fishermen before treatment and 24 h and 3 weeks posttreatment. Blood eosinophil numbers significantly declined 24 h posttreatment, but significant eosinophilia had developed by 3 weeks posttreatment. Cellular eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) content increased significantly during the transient eosinopenia but was significantly reduced 3 weeks later. No similar reduction in cellular eosinophil protein X (EPX) content was seen. Before treatment, S. mansoni infection intensity was positively correlated with 24-h boosts in plasma interleukin-5 (IL-5) and IL-6 levels, which were in turn negatively correlated with the posttreatment fall in eosinophil numbers. Significant correlations were observed between pretreatment infection intensities and plasma IL-10 and eotaxin levels. Treatment induced significant fluctuations in plasma IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-␣), and eotaxin levels. Optimal relative release of ECP and EPX in vitro was detected in S. mansoni soluble egg antigen-stimulated cultures during transient eosinopenia. Our data suggest that blood eosinophils are activated during S. mansoni infection and that treatment induces a burst in released antigens, causing increased production of IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, and eotaxin; a drop in TNF-␣ levels; and a transient sequestration of eosinophils, which leaves fewer degranulated eosinophils in the circulation 24 h posttreatment, followed by the development of eosinophilia 3 weeks later. During these events, it appears that preferential release of ECP occurs in vivo. Moreover, it is possible that infection intensity-dependent levels of plasma IL-10 may be involved in the prevention of treatment-induced anaphylactic reactions.

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“…Serum opsonization of Sephadex G-15 particles (GE Healthcare Biosciences) was performed as described (10), with some modifications. Forty-two-milligram Sephadex G-15 particles were dissolved in 250 l of PBS.…”

Section: Serum Opsonization Of Sephadex G-15 Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The release assay was performed with some modifications according to the method described previously (10).…”

Section: Release and Extraction Of Ecp From Eosinophilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eosinophil Cationic Protein (ECP) Is Processed during Secretion

Woschnagg

Rubin

Venge

2009

The Journal of Immunology

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The eosinophil granulocyte is an inflammatory cell involved in allergic diseases such as asthma and rhinitis. Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) is a basic and potentially cytotoxic granule protein that is released from the eosinophil upon activation. The aim was to study secretion of molecular variants of ECP from blood eosinophils with the hypothesis that the stored noncytotoxic ECP is altered into cytotoxic species upon release from the cell. Eosinophil granulocytes were purified to >95% from venous blood from birch pollen allergic subjects, with symptoms of rhinitis, and from healthy control subjects during the birch pollen season. The cells were stimulated with IL-5, GM-CSF, or serum-opsonized Sephadex particles. Concentration of ECP in cells or supernatants was measured by means of a fluoroenzyme immunoassay, and ECP heterogeneity was studied using an affinity capture assay with the surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry technique. Extracts of unstimulated eosinophils contained 10 major ECP variants, with molecular masses ranging from 16.1 to 17.7 kDa. Stimulation with particles mainly induced the secretion of two molecular variants at 16.1 and 16.3 kDa, while cytokine stimulation gave rise to a different secretion profile. ECP variants in the pellet extracts remained unaffected by cell activation. The modifications of secreted ECP were partly explained by differences in N-linked glycosylations. Secretion of ECP from eosinophils involves protein modification. The molecular masses of released ECP have acquired the masses of the cytotoxic species.

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Degranulation of eosinophils from pollen-atopic patients with asthma is increased during pollen season†

Cited by 97 publications

References 25 publications

Cannabinoid receptor 2 augments eosinophil responsiveness and aggravates allergen‐induced pulmonary inflammation in mice

Cannabinoid receptor 2 augments eosinophil responsiveness and aggravates allergen‐induced pulmonary inflammation in mice

Eosinophil Activity inSchistosoma mansoniInfections In Vivo and In Vitro in Relation to Plasma Cytokine Profile Pre- and Posttreatment with Praziquantel

Eosinophil Cationic Protein (ECP) Is Processed during Secretion

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