Degree achievements and degree morphemes in competition in Southern Aymara

Vera, Gabriel Martínez

doi:10.1007/s10988-020-09299-3

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…I assume that base predicates could be gradable (Kennedy and McNally 2005;Martínez Vera 2020;Pedersen 2015;Piñón 2008) or non-gradable (Heim and Kratzer 1998;Morzycki 2009). With regard to the former, following Kennedy and McNally (2005), I assume that scales S are sets of linearly ordered degrees d along some dimension associated with a base predicate.…”

Section: Assumptions On Base Predicatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Derived change of state verbs in English, as in (1), have been analyzed in one of two ways, broadly speaking: (i) in terms of a transition from not being in the extension of a base predicate to being in such an extension (i.e., total change or BECOME P, for base predicate P) (Abusch 1986;Dowty 1979) or (ii) in terms of a theme increasing in the extent to which it holds the property indicated by the base predicate (i.e., relative change or BECOME more P for base predicate P) (Hay et al 1999;Kearns 2007;Kennedy 2012;Kennedy and Levin 2008;Martínez Vera 2020;Pedersen 2015;Winter 2006). Depending on the approach, (1) would thus be interpreted in terms of one of the following: (i) the soup changed from not being cool to being cool (in a given context of utterance) or (ii) the soup increased in coolness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On Derived Change of State Verbs in Southern Aymara

Vera

2021

Languages

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There are two main approaches to change of state verbs. One adopts an approach in terms of a total change (becomeP, for base predicate P), i.e., a change from not being in the extension of the base predicate to being in it. The other adopts an approach in terms of a relative change (becomemore P, for base predicate P), i.e., a change for a theme in which it increases in the extent to which it holds the property denoted by the base predicate. Different languages have been analyzed using one or the other approach. I argue that both proposals are actually appropriate for analyzing related but not (completely) overlapping phenomena in the domain of derived change of state verbs in the very same language. This proposal is based on the discussion of change of state verbs in Southern Aymara that are derived with the suffixes -pta and -ra. I show that verbs with -pta convey the meaning of total change and that verbs with -ra convey the meaning of relative change. I further discuss how expressions with -pta and -ra interact: expressions with -ra implicate that the theme does not change from not being in the extension of the base to being in it. I propose an account in terms of scalar implicatures in which -pta and -ra are lexical alternatives, thus extending the domain of linguistic phenomena for which the computation of scalar implicatures is relevant.

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Section: Assumptions On Base Predicatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Derived Change of State Verbs in Southern Aymara

Vera

2021

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Direct evidentiality and discourse in Southern Aymara

Martínez Vera

2024

Nat Lang Semantics

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This paper discusses the discourse contrasts that arise in connection to direct evidentiality in Southern Aymara (henceforth, Aymara), an understudied Andean language. Aymara has two direct evidentials, the enclitic =wa and the covert morpheme -∅, which are used whenever the speaker has the best possible grounds for some proposition. I make the novel observation that a sentence with =wa can be felicitously uttered if the speaker attempts to update the common ground by addressing an issue on the table. In fact, the sentence with =wa that is uttered must be congruent with prior discourse; I tie this to the claim that =wa is a (presentational) focus marker (Proulx in Language Sciences 9(1):91–102, 1987). This paper thus claims that =wa is a marker that combines evidentiality and focus. In contrast, uttering a sentence with -∅ entails that the speaker’s contribution is already in the common ground, which likens this evidential to common ground management operators—there is no congruence requirement in this case. I identify which construction can be used in different discourse settings (conversation openers and telling anecdotes). I implement a formal analysis based on Farkas and Bruce (Journal of Semantics 27:81–118, 2010) and Faller (Semantics and Pragmatics 12(8):1–53, 2019) that links evidentiality and discourse.

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Revisiting aspectualsein Spanish: telicity, statives, and maximization

Vera

2022

The Linguistic Review

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This paper addresses aspectual se in Spanish. Building on the previous analyses that have been proposed in the literature to account for constructions with aspectual se that mainly focus on the syntax of these (see, e.g., MacDonald, Jonathan E. 2017. Spanish aspectual se as an indirect object reflexive: The import of atelicity, bare nouns, and leísta PCC repairs. Probus. International Journal of Romance Linguistics 29(1). 73–118), this paper provides a semantic account that makes explicit (i) why dynamic predicates must be telic in the presence of se, and (ii) why the very same se can appear with a limited number of stative predicates, which are atelic. The account is implemented in the Figure/Path Relation model in Beavers, John. 2011. On affectedness. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory 29(2). 335–370, Figure/Path Relation model. I propose a maximization strategy that captures that dynamic predicates in constructions with se are always telic by indicating the conditions under which the theme has a fixed quantity and the scale/path that may be associated with the verb is bounded. This maximization strategy is then compared to and distinguished from the event maximization strategies proposed for Slavic languages (Filip, Hana. 2008. Events and maximalization: The case of telicity and perfectivity. In Susan Rothstein (ed.), Theoretical and crosslinguistic approaches to the semantics of aspect, 217–256. Amsterdam: John Benjamins) and Hungarian (Kardos, Éva. 2016. Telicity marking in Hungarian. Glossa: A Journal of General Linguistics 1(1). 1–37), and to the scale/path maximization strategy proposed for Southern Aymara (Martínez Vera, Gabriel. 2021a. Degree achievements and degree morphemes in competition in Southern Aymara. Linguistics and Philosophy 44. 695–735).

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Degree achievements and degree morphemes in competition in Southern Aymara

Cited by 4 publications

References 55 publications

On Derived Change of State Verbs in Southern Aymara

On Derived Change of State Verbs in Southern Aymara

Direct evidentiality and discourse in Southern Aymara

Revisiting aspectualsein Spanish: telicity, statives, and maximization

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