Delafloxacin for the treatment of adult patients with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia

Bassetti, Matteo; Melchio, Monica; Giacobbe, Daniele Roberto

doi:10.1080/14787210.2021.2020098

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…• Delafloxacin is a new quinolone active against Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), but there is not enough evidence that it would be active in enterococci and would be effective in enterococcal endocarditis [82][83][84].…”

Section: Quinolonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteroccocus and Endocarditis

Adriana Caliman-Sturdza

2024

Infectious Diseases

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Infective endocarditis (EI) produced by enterococci ranks third among infectious endocarditis and is a severe infection with usually subacute onset, often complicated with valvular lesions, systemic emboli and immunological changes. EI caused by enterococcus is produced in 90% of cases by Enterococcus faecalis and much less often by Enterococcus faecium or other species. Most cases are acquired in the community, but enterococcal EI can also be nosocomial. Enterococcal endocarditis is more common in the elderly or may appear against the background of some associated conditions: colorectal cancer, liver cirrhosis, diabetes, immunosuppressive treatments. Transthoracic echocardiography combined with blood cultures is the basis of the diagnosis of infective endocarditis, but in difficult cases, transesophageal ultrasound and new imaging methods such as computer tomography, PET-CT or cardiac MRI can be the solution for establishing the diagnosis. Enterococci are very tolerant to bactericidal antibiotics and their eradication requires prolonged therapy (up to 6 weeks) with synergistic bactericidal combination of cell wall inhibitors with aminoglycosides, they can also be resistant to many antibiotics, including beta-lactams, aminoglycosides and vancomycin. E. faecium is often resistant to vancomycin and beta-lactams. Linezolid may be effective in the treatment of vancomycin-resistant enterococcal endocarditis, but also daptomycin, dalbavancin and oritavancin seem promising.

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Section: Quinolonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteroccocus and Endocarditis

Adriana Caliman-Sturdza

2024

Infectious Diseases

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“…Specific features in the delafloxacin molecule determines enhanced activity in acidic environment due to its anionic character, which eventually leads to improved activity [ 149 ]. Delafloxacin has been recently approved for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections [ 150 ] and for the treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia [ 151 ]. Delafloxacin can be given intravenously or orally due to its good bioavailability (60–70%) [ 149 ].…”

Section: Therapeutic Choicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Enterococcus faecalis Infective Endocarditis: A Continuing Challenge

et al. 2023

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Today, Enterococcus faecalis is one of the main causes of infective endocarditis in the world, generally affecting an elderly and fragile population, with a high mortality rate. Enterococci are partially resistant to many commonly used antimicrobial agents such as penicillin and ampicillin, as well as high-level resistance to most cephalosporins and sometimes carbapenems, because of low-affinity penicillin-binding proteins, that lead to an unacceptable number of therapeutic failures with monotherapy. For many years, the synergistic combination of penicillins and aminoglycosides has been the cornerstone of treatment, but the emergence of strains with high resistance to aminoglycosides led to the search for new alternatives, like dual beta-lactam therapy. The development of multi-drug resistant strains of Enterococcus faecium is a matter of considerable concern due to its probable spread to E. faecalis and have necessitated the search of new guidelines with the combination of daptomycin, fosfomycin or tigecycline. Some of them have scarce clinical experience and others are still under investigation and will be analyzed in this review. In addition, the need for prolonged treatment (6–8 weeks) to avoid relapses has forced to the consideration of other viable options as outpatient parenteral strategies, long-acting administrations with the new lipoglycopeptides (dalbavancin or oritavancin), and sequential oral treatments, which will also be discussed.

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“…Delafloxacin has been recently approved for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections 137 and for the treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia 138 . Delafloxacin can be given intravenously or orally due to its good bioavailability (60-70%) 137 .…”

Section: Quinolonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em> Infective Endocarditis: A Continuing Challenge

Herrero-Hidalgo¹,

Fernández-Rubio²,

Luque‐Márquez³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Today, enterococci (mainly Enterococcus faecalis) are one of the main causes of infective endocarditis in the world, generally affecting an elderly and fragile population, with a high mortality rate. enterococci are intrinsically resistant to many commonly used antimicrobial agents. All enterococci exhibit decreased susceptibility to penicillin and ampicillin, as well as high-level resistance to most cephalosporins and all semi-synthetic penicillins, as the result of expression of low-affinity penicillin-binding proteins, that precludes an unacceptable number of therapeutic failures with monotherapy with these drugs. For years, the synergistic combination of penicillins and aminoglycosides was the cornerstone of treatment, but the emergence of strains with high resistance to aminoglycosides led to the search for new alternatives, such as dual beta-lactam therapy. The development of multi-drug resistant strains of Enterococcus faecium is a matter of considerable concern due to its probable spread to E. faecalis and have forced the search of new alternatives with the combination of daptomycin, fosfomycin or tigecycline. Some of them have scarce clinical experience and others are still under investigation and will be analyzed in this review. In addition, the need for prolonged treatment (6-8 weeks) to avoid relapses has led to the consideration of viable options such as outpatient parenteral therapies or long-acting administrations with the new lipoglycopeptides (dalbavancin or oritavancin), and sequential oral treatments, which will also be discussed.

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Delafloxacin for the treatment of adult patients with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia

Cited by 9 publications

References 53 publications

Enteroccocus and Endocarditis

Enteroccocus and Endocarditis

Treatment of Enterococcus faecalis Infective Endocarditis: A Continuing Challenge

Treatment of <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em> Infective Endocarditis: A Continuing Challenge

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