Delamination of laminated composites under the combined effect of nonuniform heating and absorbed moisture

Kalfon, Estelle; Harel, H.; Marom, G.; Drukker, E; Green, Anthony K.; Kressel, Iddo

doi:10.1002/pc.20155

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Environmental effects on the flexural and interlaminar shear strength of FRP composites; NA=not available, M t =moisture content, DW=distilled water, SW=salt water; experimental data from[61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental durability of adhesively bonded FRP/steel joints in civil engineering applications: State of the art

Heshmati

Haghani

Al‐Emrani

2015

Composites Part B: Engineering

193

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental durability of adhesively bonded FRP/steel joints in civil engineering applications: State of the art

Heshmati

Haghani

Al‐Emrani

2015

Composites Part B: Engineering

193

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“…3c, top view); this structure is unfavorable to diffusion. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Besides this, in sample C7025, some whiskers are growing on the oxide surface. The whiskers on the oxide surface generally mean that internal compressive stress developed in the course of oxidation.…”

Section: Sem Images Of Oxide Filmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Some researchers have studied oxidation of copper alloy lead frames. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Lahiri et al 4 found that oxidation kinetics of copper alloys obeyed a logarithmic growth law at temperatures ranging from 200°C to 300°C, and that the copper substrate played an important role in oxidation. Cho and Paik 5 found that the oxide growth followed a parabolic growth rate law in the temperature range from 150°C to 300°C, and that formation of CuO would retard the overall oxidation rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation of Lead Frame Copper Alloys with Different Compositions and Its Effect on Oxide Film Adhesion

Chen

et al. 2008

Journal of Elec Materi

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Oxidation of four typical lead frame copper alloys was investigated. The oxidation rate and adhesion strength of oxide films to copper alloy substrates were studied by measuring the thickness and carrying out peel tests. The results show that, although copper alloys C5191 and C7025 have thinner oxide films, a lower adhesion strength and a higher proportion of CuO were obtained than in the other copper alloys EFTEC64T and C194. The adhesion strength is mainly influenced by the structure of the oxide film of the copper alloys, especially the CuO/Cu 2 O ratio in the film. The highest adhesion strength is obtained for the copper oxide film with a basic structure of CuO/Cu 2 O/Cu and a CuO/Cu 2 O ratio of about 0.1. The segregation of additional elements in the copper alloy plays an important role in the oxide film structure.

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“…Since equilibrium conditions were achieved in all cases, there was no moisture content gradient in the samples tested. Mechanical testing was performed for a range of moisture levels [3]. Based on those results and for the glass fiber/epoxy composites considered in this study, the value of the Young's modulus of the 'wet' composite material was 15.0 GPa.…”

Section: Materials and Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The materials and test methods for this part of the study were as described in detail in our previous publication [3]. Two epoxy resin matrix laminates were fabricated from Hexply 913C carbon fiber/epoxy prepreg and Vicotex 913G glass fiber/epoxy prepreg, both manufactured by Hexcel.…”

Section: Materials and Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propagation of 'popcorn' failure in composite plates by Mode I delamination

Drukker

Green

Harel

et al. 2007

Composite Interfaces

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Spot heating of a 'wet' laminated composite plate produces a bulge shaped delamination, categorized as 'popcorn' delamination. It is created by internal pressure due to nascent steam pockets generated by the intense heat. In this paper, the mechanism of crack propagation from a 'penny shaped' bulge to broad delamination is analyzed. Finite element modeling, based on the condition that the crack propagation occurs by Mode I delamination, is utilized to obtain the ratio of stress intensity factor to internal pressure as a function of the growing crack radius. This is then used to evaluate the critical pressure that triggers crack propagation. Assuming that the bulge is shaped like a spherical cap, the volume and the internal pressure can be estimated for any particular delamination crack radius. Finally, the critical moisture content required to generate a 'popcorn' bulge can be calculated as a function of the diameter of an initial 'penny shaped' crack. If the equilibrium moisture content of epoxy composite materials during service exceeds this value, the 'popcorning' mode of failure may occur with non-uniform heating.

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Delamination of laminated composites under the combined effect of nonuniform heating and absorbed moisture

Cited by 22 publications

References 17 publications

Environmental durability of adhesively bonded FRP/steel joints in civil engineering applications: State of the art

Environmental durability of adhesively bonded FRP/steel joints in civil engineering applications: State of the art

Oxidation of Lead Frame Copper Alloys with Different Compositions and Its Effect on Oxide Film Adhesion

Propagation of 'popcorn' failure in composite plates by Mode I delamination

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