DELAYED ALTERNATION IN THE PIGEON<sup>1</sup>

Hearst, Eliot

doi:10.1901/jeab.1962.5-225

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The opportunity of reinforcing orientation responses during the delay period was probably diminished by using the fixed-interval schedule during this period. Hearst's (1962) Blough (1959) studied delayed matching in pigeons and reported relatively horizontal delay gradients for some of his subjects during portions of the test sessions. However, Blough often observed stereotyped movements during the delay intervals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DELAYED DISCRIMINATION AND DELAYED MATCHING IN PIGEONS¹

Smith

1967

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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Three pigeons were each trained to perform a discrimination problem and a matching problem. Following acquisition, delays of 1 to 7 sec were interposed after stimulus presentation on both problems. Accuracy of responding on these two types of delay procedures was observed to be a function of length of delay interval. Performance was consistently poorer on the delayed matching problem than on the delayed discrimination problem.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DELAYED DISCRIMINATION AND DELAYED MATCHING IN PIGEONS¹

Smith

1967

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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“…A second alternative is that the procedure used in the first three experiments allowed the usage of positional cues after incorrect trials but not after correct trials. This is noteworthy in that previous experiments have shown that a variety of organisms can easily learn spatial delayed alternation (e.g., Hearst, 1962;Livesay and Trender, 1966), while non-spatial delayed alternation has been learned only with great difficulty.…”

Section: Experiments Iv: Differences In Accuracy After Correct and Incmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…When the alternation problem involves spatial cues, such mediational behavior often includes postural orientation toward the appropriate response position (e.g., Hearst, 1962). Mediation in terms of behavioral chains is less plausible, however, for alternation problems employing non-spatial cues.…”

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confidence: 99%

COLOR ALTERNATION LEARNING IN THE PIGEON UNDER FIXED‐RATIO SCHEDULES OF REINFORCEMENT¹

Williams

1971

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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Pigeons were trained on a non-spatial delayed alternation task in which the correct stimulus was that color not responded to on the preceding trial. Subjects required to emit either 15 or 30 pecks to the correct stimulus within a trial learned the task, those required to emit only one or five pecks did not. Also, alternation was learned more easily after an incorrect than after a correct trial. Later experiments showed that a minimum fixed-ratio value was required for successful color alternation to occur, even though no fixed-ratio requirement was necessary when a position cue was available. The mechanism of the fixed-ratio effects derived from the pigeons' tendency to repeat their response in the presence of the color reinforced on the last trial. Whereas subjects trained on larger fixed-ratios corrected this error tendency within a trial, subjects trained on smaller fixed ratios did not.

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“…The influence of precurrent responses on performance in delayed-choice procedures, such as delayed-matching-to-sample and alternation, has been reported in experiments with humans (e.g., Parsons et aI. , 1981;Torgrud & Holborn , 1989) and pigeons (e.g., Blough, 1959;Eckerman, 1970;Hearst, 1962;Jans & Catania, 1980;Shimp & Moffitt, 1977). In all the experiments in which precurrent responses were prevented, prohibited, or disrupted after conditions in which they occurred, this type of manipulation produced disruption of current responding.…”

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confidence: 79%