The study is devoted to picosecond-range avalanche switching initiated by application of a steep high-voltage ramp. It is focused on comparing layered semiconductor structures with bulk semiconductors. Experimental measurements and numerical simulations of ultrafast transients in layered Si structures with pn junctions and bulk Si samples are presented. The experimental setup allows measuring both device current and voltage during ultrafast high voltage switching transient with time resolution better than 50 ps. The focus is on the inner spatio-temporal dynamics of electron-hole plasma generation, plasma concentration, and triggering mechanism. It is shown that in contrast to layered pn junction structures bulk samples with Ohmic contacts exhibit uniform switching in the whole structure volume. This comes at the price of steeper triggering pulse and absence of pulse sharpening capability. Our findings establish pulse-triggered avalanche switching as a general method to create large (fractions of cubic mm) volumes of electron-hole plasma in semiconductors.