Delayed Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Metaregression

Smid, Geert E.; Mooren, Trudy; Mast, Roos van der; Gersens, Berthold; Kleber, Rolf J.

doi:10.1037/e517292011-198

Cited by 11 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…This result is consistent with findings in different populations (Smid et al, 2009) that traumatic event exposure is a causal risk factor for late-onset PTSD. Participants endorsing late-onset PTSD reported fewer traumatic events at T1 compared to those endorsing PTSD at T1.…”

Section: Explaining Late-onset Ptsd In Unaccompanied Refugee Minorssupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Again, given the large sample size, questionnaire assessments were more feasible than interviews. Also, in a meta-analysis (Smid et al, 2009), prevalence of late-onset PTSD did not differ between prospective studies using interview as compared to questionnaire diagnoses of PTSD. The RATS used in the present study does not assess DSM-IV-TR criterion A2 of the PTSD diagnosis concerning the subjective response to the traumatic event involving intense fear, helplessness, or horror (APA, 2000).…”

Section: Late-onset Ptsd In Refugee Minorsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…As late-onset PTSD is most likely to occur in individuals already endorsing prodromal subthreshold PTSD symptoms (Andrews et al, 2007;Smid et al, 2009), these symptoms indicate a likely relationship between events reported at T1 and symptoms of PTSD at T2. We compared the three outcome groups using chi-square tests for categorical variables and analysis of variance for continuous variables.…”

Section: Data Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In refugee minors, the timing of traumatic event exposure and the symptom course immediately following this exposure may be impossible to establish, given the complex migration circumstances. Therefore, late-onset PTSD in refugee minors may be defined, consistent with previous literature (Andrews, Brewin, Philpott, & Stewart, 2007;Sack et al, 1999;Smid, Mooren, Van der Mast, Gersons, & Kleber, 2009), as a progression of PTSD symptoms following resettlement in the host country. In the current study, we chose the term ''late-onset'' instead of ''delayed'' to emphasize our long-term perspective.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

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Late-Onset PTSD in Unaccompanied Refugee Minors: Exploring the Predictive Utility of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms

Smid

Lensvelt-Mulders

Knipscheer

et al. 2011

Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology

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Following resettlement in Western countries, unaccompanied refugee minors (URM) are at risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It is unclear to what extent PTSD in this group may become manifest at later stages following resettlement and which factors are associated with late onset. We examined data from URM collected 1 (T1) and 2 years (T2) following resettlement for differences between groups with no PTSD, PTSD at T1, and late-onset PTSD (at T2 only) using multinomial regression and path analysis. Of the children and adolescents (ages 12-18) completing both assessments (N = 554), 223 (40%) met criteria for PTSD at T1, and 88 (16%) endorsed late-onset PTSD. Late-onset PTSD was associated with traumatic event exposure, older age, and low education. In the late-onset PTSD group, the predictive effects of traumatic event exposure on symptom severity at T2 were fully mediated by depression and anxiety symptoms at T1. These results suggest that late-onset PTSD is a clinically relevant problem among URM that may be heralded by early depression and anxiety symptoms.

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Section: Explaining Late-onset Ptsd In Unaccompanied Refugee Minorssupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Late-onset Ptsd In Refugee Minorsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Data Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 90%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Late-Onset PTSD in Unaccompanied Refugee Minors: Exploring the Predictive Utility of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms

Smid

Lensvelt-Mulders

Knipscheer

et al. 2011

Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology

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“…The dilemma "why he/she didn't ask me for help" is a real torture for them. But,we have to know that silence is a symptom of trauma and that this happen to every sexsually abused children.In the psychological aspect, the sexsually abused child feel an emotional toil (Cohen et al, 2004) to face the disgust, horror, fear and the helpless caused by trauma (Smid, Mooren, van der Mast, Gersons, Kleber, 2009). Such an event swing the mental equilibrium of the individual and even more the self-esteem, self-image, the trust in self and in the people around (Eytan, Guthmiller, Durieux-Paillard, Loutan, Gex-Fabry , 2011).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in Children Sexsual Abuse

Dervishi¹

2015

AJIS

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A meta‐analysis of prevalence rates and moderating factors for cancer‐related post‐traumatic stress disorder

et al. 2014

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ObjectiveSystematic reviews highlight a broad range of cancer-related post-traumatic stress disorder (CR-PTSD) prevalence estimates in cancer survivors. This meta-analysis was conducted to provide a prevalence estimate of significant CR-PTSD symptoms and full diagnoses to facilitate the psychological aftercare of cancer survivors.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted for studies using samples of cancer survivors by using validated clinical interviews and questionnaires to assess the prevalence of CR-PTSD (k = 25, n = 4189). Prevalence estimates were calculated for each assessment method using random-effects meta-analysis. Mixed-effects meta-regression and categorical analyses were used to investigate study-level moderator effects.ResultsStudies using the PTSD Checklist—Civilian Version yielded lower event rates using cut-off [7.3%, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 4.5–11.7, k = 10] than symptom cluster (11.2%, 95% CI = 8.7–14.4, k = 9). Studies using the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fourth Edition (SCID), yielded low rates for lifetime (15.3%, 95% CI = 9.1–25, k = 5) and current CR-PTSD (5.1%, 95% CI = 2.8–8.9, k = 9). Between-study heterogeneity was substantial (I2 = 54–87%). Studies with advanced-stage samples yielded significantly higher rates with PTSD Checklist—Civilian Version cluster scoring (p = 0.05), and when assessing current CR-PTSD on the SCID (p = 0.05). The effect of mean age on current PTSD prevalence met significance on the SCID (p = 0.05). SCID lifetime prevalence rates decreased with time post-treatment (R2 = 0.56, p < 0.05).DiscussionThe cancer experience is sufficiently traumatic to induce PTSD in a minority of cancer survivors. Post-hoc analyses suggest that those who are younger, are diagnosed with more advanced disease and recently completed treatment may be at greater risk of PTSD. More research is needed to investigate vulnerability factors for PTSD in cancer survivors.© 2014 The Authors. Psycho-Oncology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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Delayed Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Metaregression

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Late-Onset PTSD in Unaccompanied Refugee Minors: Exploring the Predictive Utility of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms

Late-Onset PTSD in Unaccompanied Refugee Minors: Exploring the Predictive Utility of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in Children Sexsual Abuse

A meta‐analysis of prevalence rates and moderating factors for cancer‐related post‐traumatic stress disorder

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