Deleterious Effect of Ultraviolet Radiation on Glossogobius giuris: A Short Experimental Study

Abstract

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a part of the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the Sun. The present study was conducted to examine the deleterious effects of UV radiation on the stratum corneum of fish—namely, Glossogobius giuris. In this study, healthy living specimens of G. giuris species weighing (1.20 g) and length (4.06 cm) were collected from Thandavarayankulam lake, Srivaikuntam Taluk, Thoothukudi District, Tamil Nadu. They were transported to the laboratory in well-aerated containers. During the experiment, the fish G. giuris (n = 6) was introduced into the UV Chamber (UVA and UVB) for one hour. After that, experimental fishes were collected from the UV Chamber were dissected for histological and biochemical studies using standard methodology. The short-term exposure of UVA and UVB rays on freshwater G. giuris muscle tissue showed marked degeneration of the epithelium, the disappearance of striations, thickened septal wall, broken fibre, and the disappearance of striation, followed by branchial arterial rupture. It was also determined that carbohydrate, protein, and lipid contents of the muscle tissue were significantly reduced. This study confirmed the destructive effects of UV radiation on the stratum corneum of fish G. giuris. The ultrastructural and biochemical changes occur depending largely on the energy of the UV rays; in this case, the UVB radiation, with higher destructive energy (4.4 eV), had a greater detrimental effect on the muscles of G. giuris than UVA, with its energy level of 3.9 eV.

The Blue Earth Project: “Is Humanity Settling its own Fate on Ecological Survival?”

“…Combustion of fossil fuels: the crisis began with industrialisation and a drive for increased gross domestic product per capita during the early 1800s when the global population was merely around 1 billion people [Roser et al, 2019]. This was the time when burning fossil fuels (peat, coal, oil and gas) on a largescale became ubiquitous, as opposed to the burning of wood which was the norm up until then; this is because pound-for-pound, fossil fuel yielded more energy and burnt longer when compared to wood.…”

“…The deterioration of environment: the seas and oceans are becoming more acidic due to both acid rainfall and gases being directly absorbed by open bodies of water; this is affecting marine flora and faunasuch as the widespread death of coral reefs. Table 1 shows a list of gases produced during natural events such as volcanic eruptions and bushfires, as well as during the burning of fossil fuels; these gases are the acidic causative agents in niche environments such as freshwater habitats, as exemplified by lakes, ponds, lagoons, rivers, streams, wetlands, and swamps, as well as saltwater marine habitats including oceans, seas, intertidal zones, reefs and sea beds [Ramakrishnan et al, 2022].…”