Deliberate and spontaneous mind wandering in Chinese students: Associations with mindfulness, affect, personality, and life satisfaction

Carciofo, Richard; Jiang, Peiyuan

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2021.110982

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In addition, mind wandering (especially past‐oriented) was positively related to negative emotions (Carciofo & Jiang, 2021; Poerio et al, 2013; Yamaoka & Yukawa, 2020), and negatively related to positive emotions (Carciofo & Jiang, 2021; Johannes et al, 2018). Moreover, more frequent mind wandering was found to be associated with lower life satisfaction (Carciofo & Jiang, 2021) and quality of life (Biederman et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, studies have shown that mind wandering could affect an individual's attention, making the individual unable to focus on the current task, thus reducing task performance (Dixon & Bortolussi, 2013; Szpunar et al, 2013; Y. Zhang & Kumada, 2018). In addition, mind wandering (especially past‐oriented) was positively related to negative emotions (Carciofo & Jiang, 2021; Poerio et al, 2013; Yamaoka & Yukawa, 2020), and negatively related to positive emotions (Carciofo & Jiang, 2021; Johannes et al, 2018). Moreover, more frequent mind wandering was found to be associated with lower life satisfaction (Carciofo & Jiang, 2021) and quality of life (Biederman et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relationship between schizotypal traits and satisfaction with life among Chinese young adults: The mediating effect of trait anxiety and mind wandering

et al. 2022

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Schizotypal traits have been found to be negatively associated with satisfaction with life but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study investigated the association between schizotypal traits and satisfaction with life and explored the mediating role of trait anxiety and mind wandering in the relationship between those two variables in a sample of Chinese young adults. One hundred and two individuals with high schizotypal traits and 104 individuals with low schizotypal traits were screened using the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire. They completed a series of questionnaires including the Satisfaction with Life Scale, Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Mind Wandering Questionnaire. Results showed that: First, the high schizotypal trait group showed lower satisfaction with life, and higher trait anxiety and mind wandering frequency than the low schizotypal trait group. Second, the high schizotypal trait group, trait anxiety, and mind wandering negatively predicted satisfaction with life. Third, mediation analyses showed that all indirect effect paths in the mediation model were significant, that is, trait anxiety and mind wandering alone and together mediated the relationship between schizotypal trait group and satisfaction with life. In conclusion, high schizotypal trait is a risk factor for low satisfaction with life. The association between schizotypal traits and satisfaction with life was mediated by the combination of trait anxiety and mind wandering. This study has implications for improving life satisfaction in individuals with high schizotypal traits.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between schizotypal traits and satisfaction with life among Chinese young adults: The mediating effect of trait anxiety and mind wandering

et al. 2022

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“…Subsequent psychometric research has translated and validated the MW-D/MW-S scales to other languages and cultures, including Chinese (Carciofo & Jiang, 2021), Italian (Chiorri & Vannucci, 2019), and German (Martarelli et al, 2021). These studies successfully replicated the original bifactorial structure, and provided further evidence of their nomological validity by examining correlates with a wide range of external variables.…”

Section: Individual Differences In Deliberate and Spontaneous Mind-wa...mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Chiorri & Vannucci (2019) found that MW-S was more strongly correlated to other self-report measures of mind-wandering, and to attentional control, than was MW-D (while both scales predicted daydreaming to a similar extent). Martarelli et al (2021) examined the associations of the MW-D and MW-S scales to trait boredom, similarly finding that the correlation was substantially weaker for MW-D than for MW-S. Carciofo & Jiang (2021) found that MW-S showed stronger positive correlations with FROM DISTRACTION TO MINDFULNESS: SPANISH MW-D/MW-S SCALES AND THEIR CORRELATES 6 negative affect and attentional lapses, and stronger negative correlations with agreeableness and positive affect; on the contrary, MW-D was more strongly positively associated to openness (in line with Marcusson-Clavertz & Kjell, 2018). Overall, these studies made possible to disentangle deliberate and spontaneous expressions of mindwandering at the individual differences level in various cultural contexts other than the original (i.e., reinforcing the cross-cultural validity of the scales).…”

Section: Individual Differences In Deliberate and Spontaneous Mind-wa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

From Distraction to Mindfulness: Latent Structure of the Spanish Mind-Wandering Deliberate and Spontaneous Scales and Their Relationship to Dispositional Mindfulness and Attentional Control

Cásedas¹,

Torres‐Marín²,

Coll-Martín³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Objectives: Mind-wandering is a form of internal distraction that may occur both deliberately and spontaneously. This study aimed to provide a psychometric evaluation of the Spanish version of the Mind-Wandering Deliberate and Spontaneous (MW-D/MW-S) scales, as well as to extend prior research investigating their associations with dispositional mindfulness (Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire) and with the ability for attentional control of external distraction (Attentional Control Scale).Methods: In two large samples (n1 = 795; n2 = 1084), we examined latent structure, item- and dimension-level descriptive statistics, and internal consistency reliability scores of the Spanish MW-D/MW-S scales. Partial correlations were used to evaluate their associations to dispositional mindfulness and attentional control. Multiple linear regression and relative weight analyses were used to investigate whether or not, and to what extent, the facets of mindfulness could be uniquely predicted by internal and external distraction.Results: The Spanish MW-D/MW-S scales demonstrated a two-factor structure, high internal consistency reliability scores, and good nomological validity. Dispositional mindfulness was independently explained by internal and external distraction. Across facets, MW-S was the largest (negative) predictor of mindfulness, being this association particularly strong for Acting with awareness. Conversely, MW-D was mildly associated to increased mindfulness. In addition, attentional control was found moderately negatively associated with MW-S and mildly positively associated with MW-D.Conclusions: Our results indicate that the Spanish version of the MW-D/MW-S scales are a useful tool to assess individual differences in deliberate and spontaneous mind-wandering, shed light on the relationship between mindfulness and both internal and external distraction, and accentuate the critical role of intentionality in the study of the mind-wandering phenomena.

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“… 30 Additionally, mindfulness reduces mind wandering and a habitual distribution of attention by employees, which enables them to concentrate on completing a task. 32 Moreover, mindfulness enhances the clarity and vividness of individuals’ previous experiences because of their receptive rather than critical consciousness. As a result, employees have a deeper understanding of the meaning of work, a better sense of accomplishment brought by work, a stronger goal-orientation motivation, and a clearer understanding of how to deal with challenges.…”

Section: Literature Review and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calm Down and Enjoy It: Influence of Leader-Employee Mindfulness on Flow Experience

Feng¹

2022

PRBM

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Purpose This study aims to investigate the effect of mindfulness on flow at the organizational and individual levels. Based on perseverative cognition theory, we introduced work-related rumination (affective rumination and problem-solving pondering) as the transmitter in these processes. Methods This study conducted a three-wave longitudinal survey. The data of 458 employees and 114 leaders were collected from three software parks in China. Multilevel structural equation modeling and the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method were adopted to test all hypotheses. Results Employee mindfulness and leader mindfulness help reduce affective rumination by employees and increase their problem-solving pondering and flow experiences. Affective rumination and problem-solving pondering partially mediate the relationship between leader and employee mindfulness and flow. Leader mindfulness moderates the effects of employees’ mindfulness on their affective rumination and problem-solving pondering. Conclusion Our findings contribute to the current literature on mindfulness, work-related rumination and flow experience and extend the understanding of the effect boundary of mindfulness. This study also helps guide organizations to better design and carry out mindfulness and flow interventions.

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Deliberate and spontaneous mind wandering in Chinese students: Associations with mindfulness, affect, personality, and life satisfaction

Cited by 22 publications

References 29 publications

The relationship between schizotypal traits and satisfaction with life among Chinese young adults: The mediating effect of trait anxiety and mind wandering

The relationship between schizotypal traits and satisfaction with life among Chinese young adults: The mediating effect of trait anxiety and mind wandering

From Distraction to Mindfulness: Latent Structure of the Spanish Mind-Wandering Deliberate and Spontaneous Scales and Their Relationship to Dispositional Mindfulness and Attentional Control

Calm Down and Enjoy It: Influence of Leader-Employee Mindfulness on Flow Experience

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