Deliberative control in audiovisual sociolinguistic perception*

Campbell‐Kibler, Kathryn

doi:10.1111/josl.12418

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The role of co‐occurrence in the formation of indexical associations is perhaps worth putting into a broader context within cognitive sociolinguistics. A number of studies have, for instance, investigated the role of co‐occurring nonlinguistic cues—such as conversation topics or even stuffed toys—in influencing sociolinguistic perception (e.g., Love & Walker, 2013; Hurring et al., 2022; see Campbell‐Kibler, 2010 for further discussion of such questions in sociolinguistic cognition), while other work has focused on the role of co‐occurring linguistic cues in motivating expectation‐based conversational convergence on linguistic variants that are not themselves observed (e.g., Wade, 2022; see also Wade and Roberts, 2020, for an artificial‐language approach to this question). This work points to the role of top‐down cues in language processing (and production) given established sociolinguistic categories.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co‐Occurrence, Extension, and Social Salience: The Emergence of Indexicality in an Artificial Language

Roberts

2023

Cognitive Science

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We investigated the emergence of sociolinguistic indexicality using an artificial‐language‐learning paradigm. Sociolinguistic indexicality involves the association of linguistic variants with nonlinguistic social or contextual features. Any linguistic variant can acquire “constellations” of such indexical meanings, though they also exhibit an ordering, with first‐order indices associated with particular speaker groups and higher‐order indices targeting stereotypical attributes of those speakers. Much natural‐language research has been conducted on this phenomenon, but little experimental work has focused on how indexicality emerges. Here, we present three miniature artificial‐language experiments designed to break ground on this question. Results show ready formation of first‐order indexicality based on co‐occurrence alone, with higher‐order indexicality emerging as a result of extension to new speaker groups, modulated by the perceived practical importance of the indexed social feature.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co‐Occurrence, Extension, and Social Salience: The Emergence of Indexicality in an Artificial Language

Roberts

2023

Cognitive Science

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“…In the interpretation of speech, individuals' explicit ideological beliefs and alignment with linguistic forms may shape their awareness of the form's socially indexed meaning (Sherwood, 2019). The ability of participants to ignore social information in listening tasks also demonstrates that deliberative control also plays a significant role in speech perception (Campbell‐Kibler, 2020).…”

Section: Gender As Evaluative Differencementioning

confidence: 99%

Perceiving gender while perceiving language: Integrating psycholinguistics and gender theory

Tripp

Munson

2021

WIRES Cognitive Science

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There is a substantial body of literature showing that men and women speak differently and that these differences are endemic to the speech signal. However, the psycholinguistic mechanisms underlying the integration of social category perception and language are still poorly understood. Speaker attributes such as emotional state, age, sex, and race have often been treated in the literature as dissociable, but perceptual systems for social categories demonstrably rely on interdependent cognitive processes. We introduce a diversity science framework for evaluating the existing literature on gender and speech perception, arguing that differences in beliefs about gender may be defined as differences in beliefs about differences. Treating individual, group, and societal level contrasts in ideological patterns as phenomenologically distinctive, we enumerate six ideological arenas which define claims about gender and examine the literature for treatment of these issues. We argue that both participants and investigators predictably show evidence of differences in ideological attitudes toward the normative definition of persons. The influence of social knowledge on linguistic perception therefore occurs in the context of predictable variation in both attention and inattention to people and the distinguishing features which mark them salient as kinds. We link experiences of visibility, invisibility, and hypervisibility with ideological variation regarding the significance of physiological, linguistic, and social features, concluding that gender ideologies are implicated both in linguistic processing and in social judgments of value between groups. We conclude with a summary of the key gaps in the current literature and recommendations for best practices studies that may use in future investigations of socially meaningful variation in speech perception. This article is categorized under: Linguistics > Language in Mind and Brain Psychology > Language Linguistics > Language Acquisition Psychology > Perception and Psychophysics

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“…Mental representations of probabilistic conditioning information are apparently available to listeners for use in both linguistic and social processing, and the processing system calls on those representations as needed for the task at hand. This suggests that modular, separate constructs like the sociolinguistic monitor, thought to track and store information about sociolinguistic variation for use in social evaluation (Labov et al, 2011), may not be necessary (see also Campbell-Kibler, 2021). Listeners show sensitivity to probabilistic information about what conditions (ING) variation in both social and linguistic tasks, albeit in the manner most appropriate to the task.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present study examines the social force of a form based on both internal constraints and stylistic congruence. The accent rating task is used as a holistic way to elicit listeners’ impressions, following work by Campbell-Kibler (2007, 2021) for variable (ING) as well as work in second language speech perception (e.g., Munro & Derwing, 1995). The underspecified nature of “accent” affords listeners a general dimension along which to rate speakers.…”

Section: The Present Study: Within- and Across-variable Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of internal constraints and stylistic congruence on a variant's social impact

Vaughn

2022

Lang Var Change

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In natural conversation, multiple factors likely impact the social force of a sociolinguistic variant, yet researchers have tended to examine individual factors in isolation. This paper considers two underexamined factors together—the role of a variable's internal constraints and the role of stylistically congruent surrounding speech—to understand their combined influence on how a single variable's realization is socially interpreted. Focusing on English variable (ING), two accent rating experiments used stimuli varying the grammatical category of (ING) words and varying the stylistic congruence (natural sentences versus spliced stimuli) between (ING) realization and sentence frames. Results indicate that listeners showed sensitivity to (ING)'s internal constraints but only when the congruence between (ING)'s realization and other cues was not disrupted by using spliced stimuli. These findings suggest that internal constraints and stylistic congruence play a role in social signaling, and have methodological implications for the use of splicing.

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Deliberative control in audiovisual sociolinguistic perception*

Cited by 6 publications

References 65 publications

Co‐Occurrence, Extension, and Social Salience: The Emergence of Indexicality in an Artificial Language

Co‐Occurrence, Extension, and Social Salience: The Emergence of Indexicality in an Artificial Language

Perceiving gender while perceiving language: Integrating psycholinguistics and gender theory

The role of internal constraints and stylistic congruence on a variant's social impact

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