Delineating Hydric Soils

Differentiating paleowetland subenvironments using a multi-disciplinary approach: An example from the Morrison formation, South Central Wyoming, USA

“…In modern wetland studies it is sometimes possible to document specific soil conditions such as saturation time, chemical conditions, and the types of vegetation that thrive in any given wetland. However, even in modern wetland systems it is necessary to rely on characteristic morphologies and chemical characteristics to demarcate wetland areas (Hurt and Carlisle, 2001). The key to delineating hydric paleosols is the synthesis of hydric soil indicators that are most readily preserved in the rock record, including redox sensitive elements (i.e., Fe 2+ , Mn 2+ , SO 4 2− , and P), redoximorphic features (i.e., matrix color, mottles, and authigenic minerals), micromorphological characteristics indicative of hydrologic conditions (Vepraskas, 2001), and lateral facies relationships (Richardson and Brinson, 2001).…”

“…Fluctuations in the water table allowed the development of slickensides in upper Bg horizons and caused translocation of clays to reduced horizons in higher exposed areas adjacent to the lake. Although purple horizons with gleyed mottles have been interpreted as reduced previously well-drained paleosols that experienced subsequent reducing conditions (Kraus, 1997;Hurt and Carlisle, 2001), the presence of pedogenic barite nodules suggests that seasonal reducing conditions occurred in the Bt horizons of a thick, well-developed, epiaquatic, acid sulfate soil that developed in exposed lacustrine and marsh deposits (i.e., Carson et al, 1982;Darmoody et al, 1989). Although the upper horizons may have commonly experienced dry conditions, gleyed mottles and the paucity of slickensides suggest that epiaquatic conditions limited the shrink-swell capacity of the soil.…”

Sedimentology and stratigraphic architecture of Barremian synrift barrier island–estuarine depositional systems from blended field and drone‐derived data

“…(1992) and Plink‐Björklund (2005). These deposits show evidence of redox processes associated with variations of the groundwater level (Hurt & Carlisle, 2001; Jennings et al ., 2011), and frequent coal fragments due to reworking of coeval marshes (Johnson & Friedman, 1969; Bartholdy, 2012; Rodríguez‐López et al ., 2021). The heterolithic facies of intertidal flats (FA1.5) (Fig.…”

Geophysical methods reveal the soil architecture and subsurface stratigraphic heterogeneities across land-lake interfaces along Lake Erie

“…The ECa map at the PTR site showed a more precise lateral extent of the Tp and To soil units and also indicated the presence of additional units/sub-units which were missed out in the soil map (supplementary Table 1). At OWC, the soil map showed three distinct soil units which were clearly identified by the ECa maps (Figure 3D), the Zurich silt loam (ZuF), which is rated non-hydric with 25-40% slope, Holly silt loam (HoA) which is rated hydric with 0-1 % slope (Hurt and Vasilas, 2006), and Del Rey silt loam (DeA), a nearly level and somewhat poorly drained soil with 0-2 % slope. The hydric HoA soil unit showed higher ECa values than the non-hydric units.…”