Delinquency Control and Juvenile Justice in China

Wong, Dennis S. W.

doi:10.1177/000486589903200104

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In China in general and in Shanghai in particular, an impressive informal network of control was set up to closely monitor the activities of individuals in order to both help them and control them. This kind of informal control has its roots in the cultural tradition and the political system of the country: Confucian philosophy sees people as inner-directed, as essentially good in nature, and as being aware of their responsibility towards others (Wong, 1999).…”

Section: The Australian and New Zeaiand Journal Of Criminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Juvenile Offending in Shanghai and Brisbane

Wei

Hömel

Prichard

et al. 2004

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology

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his paper reports an analysis of participation rates and types of delin-T quent behaviour using self-reported offending data from school students and apprehended juvenile offenders in Brisbane (n = 903) and in Shanghai (n = 565).The rate of participation in most categories of offending in the Brisbane sample was higher than in the Shanghai sample, with Brisbane school students being much more likely than Shanghai students to report at least one type of offence (85.8% vs. 28.8%). However, factor analyses revealed a common crime pattern across both samples, with behaviours grouping into theft, property-related offences, fighting, and disturbing public order. Brisbane school respondents were more likely than their Shanghai counterparts t o commit multiple types of offences. Co-offending peaked a t ages 15-16 in Brisbane and 17-18 in Shanghai, but was more common in the Shanghai sample than in the Brisbane sample. It is argued that compared with Australian young people there is a greater presence of social institutions in the lives of Chinese adolescents in the form of family, community and state controls, and that these mostly informal control systems appear to have been successful so far in containing the criminogenic impacts of rapid social change.This article undertakes an analysis of the patterns of juvenile offending using selfreported delinquency data collected from different groups of juveniles in Brisbane, Australia and Shanghai, China, focusing on the participation rate, variety of delinquent behaviour, and co-offending in the two cities.Australia and China are quite different countries with different social structures, cultures and populations. Australia is a liberal democratic society, in which law plays a very important role. By contrast, traditional mechanisms of social

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Section: The Australian and New Zeaiand Journal Of Criminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Juvenile Offending in Shanghai and Brisbane

Wei

Hömel

Prichard

et al. 2004

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology

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“…Within the neigh-borhoods managed by these offices, residents are organized into neighborhood committees or rural villagers' committees for the purpose of conflict mediation, maintenance of law and order, environmental improvement, mutual help, political education, grassroots feedback, and assistance to families in need. Each neighborhood or villagers' committee normally sets up a number of subcommittees (Wong, 1999). The two subcommittees most likely to be involved with juvenile crimes are the Mediation Committee and the Security and Defence Committee.…”

Section: Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Mediation Committee aims at resolving conflicts between groups, organizations, and individuals. The Security and Defence Committee works closely with the police and the court to educate people in safety and legal matters, to maintain order, to report suspicious counter-revolutionaries and offenders in the neighborhood, to reeducate juvenile delinquents through educational assistance programs, and to report major discontent among residents to appropriate government departments (Chan, 1993;Shen, 1995;Wong, 1999).…”

Section: Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversion From Youth Courts in Five Asia Pacific Jurisdictions

Maxwell

Wong

2006

Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol

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Since the 1970s, there has been a trend to move away from punitive and retributive approaches to reintegrative practices. This article provides an account of how young offenders in five Asia Pacific jurisdictions are diverted from being prosecuted in the youth courts and of to where they are diverted. The five cases demonstrate that diversionary measures in the Australasian jurisdictions tend to be more restorative in their practices than are those in Chinese-dominated jurisdictions, which adopt welfare responses. It is concluded that although there is some progress in the areas of decarceration and delegalization, the diversion goals of decategorization and deprofessionalization in Chinese-dominated jurisdictions have yet to be achieved. Such diversionary strategies carry the risk that many more young people committing minor offences may be subject to more intrusive measures and disguised social control in the name of diversion, welfare, or the prevention of future offending.

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“…Wong (1999) has pointed out that the Chinese model of delinquency control is quite different from western models in its values and intentions. It is in fact a subsystem of the entire socialist criminal justice system, which emphasises collective responsibility in tackling the problems of delinquency.…”

Section: The Long Road To Reformmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The security committee works closely with the police and the court to educate people in safety and legal matters, to maintain order, to report suspicious counterrevolutionaries and offenders in the neighbourhood, to reeducate juveniles who have shown deviant behaviour or committed mild offences by providing 'educational assistance' programs (bungiim xiao~u), and to report major discontent among residents to appropriate local departments (Chan, 1993;Ogden, 1992;Shen, 1995;Wong, 1999). The two local committees now most likely to be involved with juvenile crimes and justice are the mediation committee and the security committee.…”

Section: The Police Become the First Gatekeeper Of Juvenile Justicementioning

confidence: 99%

Juvenile Protection and Delinquency Prevention Policies in China

Wong

2004

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology

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Republic of China his paper describes the laws designed especially for the purposes of T protecting juveniles and preventing delinquency in China.The Juvenile Protection Law I99 I and Preventing Juvenile Delinquency Law I999 have defined the duties, responsibilities and authorities which by law parents or guardians of a juvenile have in relation to the welfare, right of education and juvenile justice. This paper discusses the changes o f juvenile justice in relation to the enactment o f the new laws. In particular, the author relates the new prevention law to the existing Chinese model of delinquency control and how the new law affects this model. It is found that with the promulgation of new prevention law, there is a shift from an informal to a more formal direction of delinquency control where there may be an increase of custodial outcomes for juvenile delinquents. There has been little international literature on China's juvenile justice and delinquency law reform. Hindered by the nation's tight control of information-sharing, China's scholars and government officials seldom join in or present papers at criminological conferences. Although there has been some updated literature which discusses juvenile justice and its new development in China at national or regional symposiums over the past 20 years, most of it is in Chinese and aims to describe or praise the laws rather than reviewing them objectively (Chang, 1992; Chen, 1989

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Delinquency Control and Juvenile Justice in China

Cited by 17 publications

References 15 publications

Patterns of Juvenile Offending in Shanghai and Brisbane

Patterns of Juvenile Offending in Shanghai and Brisbane

Diversion From Youth Courts in Five Asia Pacific Jurisdictions

Juvenile Protection and Delinquency Prevention Policies in China

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