Delivering therapeutic cannabinoids via skin: Current state and future perspectives

Tijani, Akeemat O.; Thakur, Debajit; Mishra, Dhruv; Frempong, Dorcas; Chukwunyere, Umeh I.; Puri, Ashana

doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.05.005

Cited by 47 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 142 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Cannabinoids are lipophilic agents that bind to previously mentioned endocannabinoid receptors that regulate numerous signalling pathways in many tissues and organs, including skin, blood vessels, immune cells, lungs, liver, and the brain for the re-establishment of homeostasis following multiple disorders [25,39], for instance, pain and inflammatory management [40], Alzheimer's disease [41], and cancer [18,27,42,43]. Figure 1 shows the cannabinoid receptor expression across skin cell types, leading to their proliferation, growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and cytokine activity [29,44,45]. CB1 is expressed in keratinocytes within the more differentiated epidermal layers, hair follicle cells, sebaceous glands, sensory neurons, melanocytes, and immune cells in human skin.…”

Section: Cannabinoid's Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TRP channels express skin cell types [38,46,47]. The expression of all the above mentioned receptors makes the skin a tremendous potential target to deliver phytocannabinoids to treat a multitude of dermatological diseases affecting human health, e.g., eczematous eruptions, acne and seborrhoea, fibrotic skin disease, psoriasis, and skin cancer [45,48]. In terms of skin cancer, several key signalling pathways and cellular processes crucial to tumour development are targeted by endogenous cannabinoids and phytocannabinoids [39,42,49].…”

Section: Cannabinoid's Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the desired range of molecular weight of cannabinoids, with log p between 6-7 and low water solubility, their transdermal delivery is a challenge. Thus, enhancing the cannabinoid permeation via the skin has been performed by applying different strategies such as the use of chemical penetration enhancers (oleic acid, ethanol, methanol leading to improve cannabinoids diffusion through the skin), microemulsions, physical enhancer (including microneedles, electroporation iontophoresis, ultrasound, magnetophoresis to gain proper levels of skin permeation), encapsulation in micro/nano gels, nanoparticles and nano-carriers [15,45,51]. Additionally, the potential promising benefits of applying nanoformulation and nanoencapsulation systems can be improving the effective doses delivery of highly lipophilic drugs (e.g., cannabinoids), protecting poor stable therapeutic agents from aggressive environments, and targeted and controlled delivery [96].…”

Section: Transdermal Delivery Of Cannabinoids and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Transdermal Delivery of Therapeutic Cannabinoids

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recently, several studies have indicated an increased interest in the scientific community regarding the application of Cannabis sativa plants, and their extracts, for medicinal purposes. This plant of enormous medicinal potential has been legalised in an increasing number of countries globally. Due to the recent changes in therapeutic and recreational legislation, cannabis and cannabinoids are now frequently permitted for use in clinical settings. However, with their highly lipophilic features and very low aqueous solubility, cannabinoids are prone to degradation, specifically in solution, as they are light-, temperature-, and auto-oxidation-sensitive. Thus, plant-derived cannabinoids have been developed for oral, nasal-inhalation, intranasal, mucosal (sublingual and buccal), transcutaneous (transdermal), local (topical), and parenteral deliveries. Among these administrations routes, topical and transdermal products usually have a higher bioavailability rate with a prolonged steady-state plasma concentration. Additionally, these administrations have the potential to eliminate the psychotropic impacts of the drug by its diffusion into a nonreactive, dead stratum corneum. This modality avoids oral administration and, thus, the first-pass metabolism, leading to constant cannabinoid plasma levels. This review article investigates the practicality of delivering therapeutic cannabinoids via skin in accordance with existing literature.

show abstract

Section: Cannabinoid's Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cannabinoid's Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Transdermal Delivery Of Cannabinoids and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Transdermal Delivery of Therapeutic Cannabinoids

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…THCs are the primary psychoactive lipids with an incredibly low water solubility (0.003 mgmL −1 ) [ 32 ]. Therefore, various solubilizers or emulsifiers and advanced nanosized drug delivery systems have been applied to increase their bioavailability [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ]. In addition, some formulations are employed to minimise the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic variabilities of cannabinoids [ 39 ].…”

Section: Major Cannabis Phytochemicals and Their T...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review on the Techniques for Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Medicinal Cannabis

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cannabis is well-known for its numerous therapeutic activities, as demonstrated in pre-clinical and clinical studies primarily due to its bioactive compounds. The Cannabis industry is rapidly growing; therefore, product development and extraction methods have become crucial aspects of Cannabis research. The evaluation of the current extraction methods implemented in the Cannabis industry and scientific literature to produce consistent, reliable, and potent medicinal Cannabis extracts is prudent. Furthermore, these processes must be subjected to higher levels of scientific stringency, as Cannabis has been increasingly used for various ailments, and the Cannabis industry is receiving acceptance in different countries. We comprehensively analysed the current literature and drew a critical summary of the extraction methods implemented thus far to recover bioactive compounds from medicinal Cannabis. Moreover, this review outlines the major bioactive compounds in Cannabis, discusses critical factors affecting extraction yields, and proposes future considerations for the effective extraction of bioactive compounds from Cannabis. Overall, research on medicinal marijuana is limited, with most reports on the industrial hemp variety of Cannabis or pure isolates. We also propose the development of sustainable Cannabis extraction methods through the implementation of mathematical prediction models in future studies.

show abstract

“…Since the oral route of administration for CBD has been associated with poor bioavailability, other more effective routes for sustained therapeutic delivery of CBD have been evaluated. In this regard, administration through the skin has been reported as a promising approach for CBD delivery, with several advantages [17,18]. It is considered a more user-friendly route that bypasses the hepatic first-pass effect and prevents the degradation of drug Pharmaceutics 2021, 13, 1774 2 of 12 molecules by enzymes in the gut.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysaccharide Cryogels Containing β-Cyclodextrin for the Delivery of Cannabidiol

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cannabidiol (CBD) has attracted increasing interest due to its therapeutic potential for treating numerous diseases. However, CBD is very lipophilic and has very unfavorable pharmacokinetics and low bioavailability. Efforts are focused on developing drug delivery systems for enhanced solubilization and therapeutic activity of CBD. Here, we report the preparation of original super-macroporous cryogels from 2-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) designed for the topical delivery of CBD. The cryogels were synthesized by photochemical crosslinking in a frozen aqueous system, purified, and then loaded with CBD. The effect of HEC/β-CD mass ratio (100:0; 50:50; 40:60 and 20:80) in the reaction mixture on the reaction efficiency, physico-mechanical properties of cryogels, drug release profile, and antineoplastic potential were evaluated in detail. The cryogels showed a bi-phasic release behavior: initial burst release in the first 3 hours followed by slower drug release which can be beneficial in the treatment of cutaneous neoplastic diseases.

show abstract

Delivering therapeutic cannabinoids via skin: Current state and future perspectives

Cited by 47 publications

References 142 publications

The Transdermal Delivery of Therapeutic Cannabinoids

The Transdermal Delivery of Therapeutic Cannabinoids

A Comprehensive Review on the Techniques for Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Medicinal Cannabis

Polysaccharide Cryogels Containing β-Cyclodextrin for the Delivery of Cannabidiol

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About