Delivery of Nanomedicines Using Microneedles

Microneedle array systems for long-acting drug delivery

“…A best possible approach to increase the permeability of such sustained-release particulate system through the skin/eye is through the combined use of MNs. The development of combinatorial approaches to maximise the advantages of both particulate and MN delivery systems has increased over the past two decades [11]. 4a) that allow to deliver most of the drug loaded particles intradermally (Figure 4b).…”

“…MNs have been vastly exploited to enhance penetration of small and macromolecules through the skin or the ocular tissues in a pain-free manner with the potential capability of self-application. As our understanding of the biological skin/ocular barrier and MNs formulation aspects have improved over time, the design of controlled-release MNs based drug delivery systems have evolved from classical fast release mechanisms to the utilization of slow-releasing polymers or nano/micro-particles, further exploiting local biochemical changes to trigger and activate drug release [10,11].…”

Lyotropic liquid crystals for parenteral drug delivery

“…Attaining controlled release via depot systems or by utilizing specialized drug carrier platforms is on the rise and plays a major role in the ever-emerging field of pharmaceuticals and biopharmaceuticals [3,4]. These systems serve as potential alternatives to the conventional drug delivery vehicles in terms of their design to modulate drug release kinetics, safety, efficacy, and achievement of desired bioavailability due to their innovative nature [5][6][7]. Intending to utilize the intrinsic physicochemical properties of nanomaterials, lyotropic liquid crystals (LLC) evolved and have garnered immense interest due to their vast applicability in parenteral, transdermal, topical as well as oral drug delivery systems.…”

Deferasirox Nanosuspension Loaded Dissolving Microneedles for Intradermal Delivery

“…However, unlike hydrophilic drugs, the formation of nanosuspensions (NSs) of hydrophobic drugs is necessary for inclusion into polymeric MNs for uniform distribution inside MNs [19,[22][23][24]. NSs refer to a nanosized (1-1000 nm) liquid dispersion of drug particles coated by a stabilizer layer, for example, a surfactant or polymer [25][26][27].…”