Delousing of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) by cultured vs. wild ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta)

Skiftesvik, Anne Berit; Bjelland, Reidun M.; Durif, Caroline; Johansen, Inger Semb; Browman, Howard I.

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.03.032

Cited by 117 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This is due to the proven delousing efficiency of farmed ballan wrasse (Skiftesvik et al 2013;Leclercq et al 2014a) alongside practical difficulties and sustainability concerns associated with the catching and stocking of wild wrasse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of the adhesive gum layer surrounding naturally fertilised ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta) eggs

et al. 2016

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Commercial production of ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta) as a cleaner fish for the removal of sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) from farmed salmonids (Salmo salar) has increased due to its proven efficiency. One bottleneck in commercial hatchery production is working with the benthic adhesive eggs, which makes disinfection and incubation of eggs challenging; therefore, this study aimed to find a chemical or enzymatic treatment and process to remove the adhesive gum layer. Naturally spawned eggs were collected from artificial spawning substrates up to 24 hours post spawning from wild caught broodstock kept in captivity at the Marine Harvest, Machrihanish facility. Four treatments were tested: tannic acid (0.2, 0.1, and 0.05 %), sodium sulfite (2, 1, and 0.5 %), L-cysteine (2, and 1 %), and enzyme alcalase® (4.0, 3.0, 2.0, 1.0, and 0.5 %) in vitro. Eggs were exposed for 25 minutes while being continually agitated, and the proportion of "degummed" eggs was counted at the end of each time period. Enzyme alcalase® was the only treatment that proved successful in degumming eggs, with the time to complete degumming (≥ 96 %) inversely related to enzyme concentration. Complete degumming occurred between 15 and 30 minutes for all enzyme alcalase® dose rates. Mean hatch rates for eggs treated with enzyme alcalase ® were not compromised by the treatment and in the highest dose tested were actually found to be higher in treated eggs (78.9 ± 2.4 %) than controls (71.3 ± 3.3 %).The use of enzyme alcalase® has proven effective in degumming ballan wrasse eggs without affecting hatch rates. However, translation of this method to in situ degumming and thus removal of eggs from spawning substrate on farm remains to be standardised.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of the adhesive gum layer surrounding naturally fertilised ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta) eggs

et al. 2016

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“…Organic extractive species (e.g., mussels) have also demonstrated their ability to consume parasites and inactivate pathogens. The novel use of cleaner-fish is also being trialed and has shown promise in, for example, the removal of sea-lice from Atlantic salmon [145,146,177,178]. Culturing species form different trophic levels can achieve environmental stability through the biomitigation of aquaculture wastes, while at the same time providing the farmer economic stability through product diversification [2,129].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For larger parasites that may not be ingestible by filter-feeders, other species-integration solutions are available. For example, the use of ballen wrasse (Labrus berggylta) and lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) for the delousing of cage cultured Atlantic salmon has been demonstrated as very effective [177,178]. As IMTA incorporates ecologically based management practices it has the potential to improve the social acceptability of aquaculture.…”

Section: Integrated Multi-trophic Aquaculture (Offshore and On-land)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Development of Sustainable Saltwater-Based Food Production Systems: A Review of Established and Novel Concepts

Gunning

Maguire

Burnell

2016

Water

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Abstract:The demand for seafood products on the global market is rising, particularly in Asia, as affluence and appreciation of the health benefits of seafood increase. This is coupled with a capture fishery that, at best, is set for stagnation and, at worst, significant collapse. Global aquaculture is the fastest growing sector of the food industry and currently accounts for approximately 45.6% of the world's fish consumption. However, the rapid development of extensive and semi-extensive systems, particularly intensive marine-fed aquaculture, has resulted in worldwide concern about the potential environmental, economic, and social impacts of such systems. In recent years, there has been a significant amount of research conducted on the development of sustainable saltwater-based food production systems through mechanical (e.g., recirculatory aquaculture (RAS) systems) methods and ecosystem-based approaches (e.g., integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA)). This review article will examine the potential negative impacts of monocultural saltwater aquaculture operations and review established (RAS) and novel (IMTA; constructed wetlands; saltwater aquaponics) saltwater-based food production systems and discuss their (potential) contribution to the development of sustainable and environmentally-friendly systems.

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“…Co-stocking of salmon with wrasse species has been found in the correct conditions to be a highly effective approach to reducing lice numbers, particularly mature stages (Skiftesvik et al 2013). However, finely tuned relative stocking densities are essential to ensure the welfare of both wrasse and salmon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connected networks of sea lice populations: dynamics and implications for control

Adams¹,

Proud²,

Black³

2015

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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In studies of the population dynamics of parasitic sea lice and the implications of outbreaks for salmon farms, several types of mathematical models have been implemented. Delay differential equation models describe the temporal dynamics of average adult lice densities over many farm sites. In contrast, larval transport models consider the relative densities of lice at farm sites by modelling larval movements between them but do not account for temporal dynamics or feedbacks created by reproduction. Finally, several recent studies have investigated spatiotemporal variation in site lice abundances using statistical models and distance-based proxies for connectivity. We developed a model which integrates connectivity estimates from larval transport models into the delay differential equation framework. This allows representation of sea lice developmental stages, dispersal between sites, and the impact of management actions. Even with identical external infection rates, lice abundances differ dramatically between farms over a production cycle (dependent on oceanographic conditions and resulting between-farm connectivity). Once infected, lice dynamics are dominated by site reproduction and subsequent dispersal. Lice control decreases actual lice abundances and also reduces variation in abundance between sites (within each simulation) and between simulation runs. Control at sites with the highest magnitude of incoming connections, computed directly from connectivity modelling, had the greatest impact on lice abundances across all sites. Connectivity metrics may therefore be a reasonable approximation of the effectiveness of management practices at particular sites. However, the model also provides new opportunities for investigation and prediction of lice abundances in interconnected systems with spatially varying infection and management.

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Delousing of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) by cultured vs. wild ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta)

Cited by 117 publications

References 24 publications

Removal of the adhesive gum layer surrounding naturally fertilised ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta) eggs

Removal of the adhesive gum layer surrounding naturally fertilised ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta) eggs

The Development of Sustainable Saltwater-Based Food Production Systems: A Review of Established and Novel Concepts

Connected networks of sea lice populations: dynamics and implications for control

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