Demand‐oriented and demand‐driven health care: the development of a typology*

Abstract

In most European countries, there is an increasing demand for demand-oriented and demand-driven approaches in the development of health care policy and the organization of health care services. Both approaches, in which the main focus is on 'the demand', are seen as counterparts of the supply-oriented approach, that has 'the supply' as point of departure. However, there is much confusion about the definition of the concepts. To identify the different views, and to examine to what extent there is consensus in the Netherlands about the concepts of demand-orientation and demand-driven care, a Delphi study was done among 26 experts; scientists, health care insurance companies, health care suppliers, the government, independent advisory bodies and client interest groups. The study resulted in a typology. The similarities and differences between the two concepts were demonstrated in five dimensions; responsibility, control, need-determination, formal embedment of vision in organization and choice. Furthermore, the typology was used to identify existing types of services as being either demand-oriented or demand-driven services. The typology provides an understanding of the similarities and differences between the two concepts, and appears to be a useful tool in identifying services to the extent that they are demand oriented or demand driven.

Woman-centered care 2.0: Bringing the concept into focus

“…Woman-centered care includes supporting the woman's autonomy, respecting her values and engaging the woman in her care process [39][40][41] . This shows an interrelationship with value-based care 50 , self-management 51 and customerorientated care concepts 52 . Humanism is frequently mentioned in the context of woman-centered care 36,[38][39][40]42,43 and implies linkage to a woman's sense of coherence, salutogenesis 53,54 , and with holism 55 -all associated with the life-world orientated care model 55 .…”

A Clients' Perspective on Demand-Oriented and Demand-Driven Health Care

“…In 2003/2004, Rijckmans et al formulated a typology of the concepts of demand-oriented and demand-driven health care, based on the results of a Delphi study among experts (Rijckmans et al, 2005). The aim of the present study was to see which elements of the typology clients experienced as important.…”

“…Typology of demand-oriented and demand-driven health care (Rijckmans et al 2005) Additional research questions were: Are there any differences in the appreciation of elements between certain subgroups? Do ambulatory mental healthcare clients have a preference for demand-oriented or demand-driven elements?…”

Prevention for elderly people: Demand-oriented or problem-oriented?

“…Nonetheless, the field of health care and public health in many Western countries has witnessed a paradigm shift from a problem-driven to a more demand-oriented approach [13][14][15][16]. Especially in the community-based approach, public health promotion and prevention are increasingly driven by the informational and help needs of people, and less by observable health and lifestyle problems.…”