Demand side management and charging and discharging for multiple PHEVs to reduce cost and reduce fossil fuel using game theory in smart grid

Abstract

The present paper aims to reduce consumers cost and Reduce Fossil Fuel consumption in a smart grid with smart houses which are equipped with Electrical Hybrid Vehicles (PHEVs), and also to reduce load peak in consumption peak hours and to reduce application of fossil fuels. To fulfill this, a new idea is utilized which is the consumption of renewable fuels along with fossil fuels. It means each building has photovoltaic cell and battery for storing the electricity generated by photovoltaic cell whereby hybrid machine could be charged, the electricity generated by solar cell could be stored and used in battery in consumption peak hours. Notably, non-program application of the hybrid machine can bring about reverse results and leads to the reduction in peak load. Therefore, we attempts to discover an effective method to determine appropriate charge and discharge time, to help users charge their machine at nonpeak hours and utilize the energy stored in the machine and solar cell battery at peak hours. In this proposed method, game theory and non-cooperative game were used by which each user attempts to use the best method or the best time for charge and discharge of its machine and user would be fined if they cannot find a suitable method. As it is shown in the simulation results, this plan can reduce load peak, costs and also application of fossil fuel.

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