Demand side response aggregators: How they decide customer suitability

Curtis, Mitchell

doi:10.1109/eem.2017.7981909

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The UK energy regulator Ofgem defines large I&C consumers as those that have historically had halfhourly metering facilities [19], thus sites with a peak load usage above 100 kW [79]. In terms of turndown potential, however, the minimum load for turndown potential per site has been estimated to be 200 kW [80]. Some of the statistics used here refer to large firms as those that have more than 250 employees [64], which generally corresponds to having peak demand of over 1 MW [81].…”

Section: Defining Large Organisationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Control equipment Most or all sites half hourly-metered [19] Peak load per site Over 100 kwover 200 kw [79,80] Number of employees Over 250 [64,83] Annual electricity consumption Over 6 GWh [82] Peak demand (organisation)…”

Section: Features Large Firms' Features Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies indicate that 74% of organisations providing DSR resources to the balancing and capacity markets do so through aggregators [19]. Aggregators absorb some of the market TCs: They provide information on DSR options, assess the sites' technical capacity and identify the products that best match the capabilities of the company [80]. Aggregators also cover the administrative requirements of DSR participation and manage the market bidding [128].…”

Section: Hidden Costsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Making demand side response happen: A review of barriers in commercial and public organisations

Cardoso

Torriti

Lőrincz

2020

Energy Research & Social Science

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The decarbonisation of electricity systems and the associated increase in variable generation sources requires an increase in power system flexibility. Demand side response (DSR) is widely viewed as a cost-effective source of flexibility, with considerable market potential. To date, the main DSR providers have been energy intensive firms. However, the expectation is that non-energy intensive consumers such as commercial firms and public sector organisations, will also help to provide system flexibility. Despite its DSR potential, the commercial and public sector has received little attention in the literature. This paper helps address this gap by identifying and exploring barriers to the participation of large commercial firms and public sector organisations in DSR through a review of the academic and grey literature on DSR. Drawing on the literature on barriers to energy efficiency, we use concepts from orthodox and behavioural economics, organisational studies and social practice theory to frame our analysis. The article argues that barriers to participation in DSR exist at the level of the organisation and not only the site. For large commercial firms and public sector organisations, the combination of having small individual electricity loads and complex internal decision-making processes can hinder their uptake of DSR. The hidden costs of participation, issues of bounded rationality and what the energy is used for within different organisations also limit the firms' ability to participate in DSR. literature is the 'energy-efficiency gap', which examines the reasons for organisations' underinvestment in apparently profitable EE initiatives [22][23][24].The literature on the EE gap can be useful to examine barriers to DSR participation for three reasons. First, studies on the EE gap tend to use a multi-disciplinary approach in their analysis, which can enable the identification of a more comprehensive set of barriers as the problems under examination are considered from different perspectives. For example, while some theories will focus on the barriers that originate at the level of the individual others will emphasise the role of organisational factors in restricting the uptake of EE projects. Second, from the perspective of firms and public sector organisations, there are several similarities between EE and DSR. Both DSR and EE are energy management innovations [21]. Both are relatively optional. The benefits of increased energy efficiency and more demand side flexibility in the system are generally agreed, and both measures are often advocated as being cost-effective for businesses. However, a gap remains between estimates of EE and DSR potentials and businesses' uptake of these initiatives. Within firms, both DSR and EE are the responsibility of energy departments but require support from other parties of the organisation and are both likely to be evaluated by the same criteria [15,21,25]. Third, the EE literature includes barriers that focus on the features of the organisation [26,27] rather than solely o...

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Section: Defining Large Organisationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Features Large Firms' Features Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hidden Costsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Making demand side response happen: A review of barriers in commercial and public organisations

Cardoso

Torriti

Lőrincz

2020

Energy Research & Social Science

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“…DSR aggregators operate by combining small flexible loads from multiple buildings into a virtual single load and take responsibility for managing the DSR process. Research into how aggregators decide if a building is suitable shows that the key assessment tasks focus on determining the long-term DSR potential of a buildings' assets (Curtis, 2017). Therefore, the ability to correctly analyse a building's DSR potential is a critical element of an aggregator's business process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative analysis of building energy estimation methods in the context of demand response

Curtis

Torriti

Smith

2018

Energy and Buildings

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A critical element of assessing a building's suitability for Demand Side Response (DSR) is understanding Highlights  Four DSR estimation methods were evaluated using empirical data from two hotels  The DSR estimation methods were found to have a wide range of error levels  The comparisons of methods allows for informed selection of a DSR estimation method based on available input information

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“…Their main task is to collect and aggregate the flexibility from their affiliated customers and trade this flexibility in electricity markets considering their and the customers' best interest. One of the several benefits of aggregation is that it can increase the reliability of demand flexibility services and facilitate their penetration [46,47]. In addition, aggregation services encourage consumers to participate in such flexibility programs as they remove from them the complexities associated with electricity market participation.…”

Section: Demand Flexibility Providersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Decentralized Local Flexibility Market Considering the Uncertainty of Demand

2018

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Abstract:The role of the distribution system operator (DSO) is evolving with the increasing possibilities of demand management and flexibility. Rather than implementing conventional approaches to mitigate network congestions, such as upgrading existing assets, demand flexibility services have been gaining much attention lately as a solution to defer the need for network reinforcements. In this paper, a framework for a decentralized local market that enables flexibility services trading at the distribution level is introduced. This market operates on two timeframes, day-ahead and real-time and it allows the DSO to procure flexibility services which can help in its congestion management process. The contribution of this work lies in considering the uncertainty of demand during the day-ahead period. As a result, we introduce a probabilistic process that supports the DSO in assessing the true need of obtaining flexibility services based on the probability of congestion occurrence in the following day of operation. Besides being able to procure firm flexibility for high probable congestions, a new option is introduced, called the right-to-use option, which enables the DSO to reserve a specific amount of flexibility, to be called upon later if necessary, for congestions that have medium probabilities of taking place. In addition, a real-time market for flexibility trading is presented, which allows the DSO to procure flexibility services for unforeseen congestions with short notice. Also, the effect of the penetration level of flexibility on the DSO's total cost is discussed and assessed. Finally, a case study is carried out for a real distribution network feeder in Spain to illustrate the impact of the proposed flexibility framework on the DSO's congestion management process.

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Demand side response aggregators: How they decide customer suitability

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Making demand side response happen: A review of barriers in commercial and public organisations

Making demand side response happen: A review of barriers in commercial and public organisations

A comparative analysis of building energy estimation methods in the context of demand response

A Decentralized Local Flexibility Market Considering the Uncertainty of Demand

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