Demasculinization of male Japanese quail by prenatal estrogen treatment*1

Jm, Whitsett; Ew, Irvin; Edens, F. W.; Jp, Thaxton

doi:10.1016/0018-506x(77)90042-3

Cited by 58 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The male is the neutral sex and in the absence of gonadal hormones early in development masculine characters predominate. Steroid treatment of the egg results in female characters or 'demasculinization' of males (Adkins, 1975;Whitsett, Irvin, Edens & Thaxton, 1977;Hutchison, 1978). Both oestrogens and androgens are capable of demasculinizing male quail.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Differentiation of the Photoperiodic Response in Japanese Quail

Urbanski

Follett

1982

Journal of Endocrinology

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Plasma levels of LH are generally higher in male than in female quail. This dimorphism was found to persist in quail which had been through a breeding cycle and then gonadectomized. Under long daylengths (12 h light: 12 h darkness (12L: 12D) or 16L: 8D) ovariectomized quail had plasma levels of LH that were 55-70% of those seen in castrated birds. The difference was reduced after transfer to short days (8L: 16D) when LH concentrations fell to basal levels, but again became more pronounced when the quail were restimulated with long photoperiods. Thus, the photoperiodic response system is sexually differentiated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Differentiation of the Photoperiodic Response in Japanese Quail

Urbanski

Follett

1982

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Whitsett et al, 1977;Hutchison, 1978;Schumacher and Balthazart, 1983b,c). However, the question of specific areas of the brain and the neural mechanisms involved in these sex differences still remain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Comparison of Monoamine Concentrations in the Brains of Adult Male and Female Japanese Quail

et al. 1986

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A fluorometric assay measuring brain tissue concentrations of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin has been validated for Japanese quail. Accuracy, precision, specificity, and parallelism were determined. The sensitivity of the assays was 6 ng/tube, which allowed individual assay of 1 to 2 mg hypothalamic tissue. In Experiment 1, relatively large areas of brain from adult, reproductively active males and females were found to differ significantly in norepinephrine content in optic lobes and for dopamine in right telencephalon. A microdissection technique was used in Experiment 2 to sample small portions of hypothalamic tissue. Sex differences were observed for norepinephrine in the sections containing the lobus paraolfactorius and the preoptic, anterior, and medial hypothalamus. Differences in monoamine content were most apparent when smaller areas dissected by microdissection were analyzed. These results give evidence for sex differences in the monoamine content in specific areas of the brain.

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“…However, the possibility exists that estrone may also play a role in brain differentiation. Whisett et al (1977) have reported that treatment of quail eggs with estrone results in significant decreases in mountings by adult male quails hatched from such eggs. Furthermore, the isolation of 17/3oxidoreductase (Callard et al, 1978), the enzyme necessary for the interconversion of estrone and 17(3-estradiol, in the same areas of the chick brain where aromatase (Callard et al, 1978) and 170-estradiol receptors (Martinez-Vargas et al, 1975) are present suggests that both estrone and 17j3-estradiol influence the development of sexual behavior by dictating a "female" pattern of brain differentiation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Plasma Estrone Levels in the Chick Embryo

1982

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Plasma estrone (E1) concentrations in male and female chick embryos were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA) on days 9.5, 11.5, 12.5, 13.5, 14.5, 15.5, and 17.5 of development. Levels of E1 in female embryos demonstrate a statistically significant increase from days 9.5 (275.0 pg/ml) to 13.5 (399.0 pg/ml). On days 14.5 to 17.5 plasma E1 values appear to decrease with respect to day 13.5 values (day 14.5, 349.0 pg/ml; day 15.5, 326.0 pg/ml; day 17.5, 338.6 pg/ml). This change, however, may or may not be real (P less than .06). In male embryos, plasma E1 concentrations remain at a relatively steady level throughout development (day 9.5, 184.4 pg/ml to day 17.5, 230 pg/ml) and are statistically significantly lower than those of female embryos. Results are discussed in terms of the possible role of E1 in the growth and differentiation of accessory and secondary sex characters.

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Demasculinization of male Japanese quail by prenatal estrogen treatment*1

Cited by 58 publications

References 24 publications

Sexual Differentiation of the Photoperiodic Response in Japanese Quail

Sexual Differentiation of the Photoperiodic Response in Japanese Quail

Comparison of Monoamine Concentrations in the Brains of Adult Male and Female Japanese Quail

Plasma Estrone Levels in the Chick Embryo

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