Dementia and Imagination: a mixed-methods protocol for arts and science research

Windle, Gill; Newman, Andrew; Burholt, Vanessa; Woods, Bob; O’Brien, Dave; Baber, Michael; Hounsome, Barry; Parkinson, Clive; Tischler, Victoria

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011634

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…To our knowledge, this is the first study of its kind to investigate the salivary diurnal cortisol rhythm in response to a psychosocial intervention for PLWD, and we determined this sample size to be suitable to provide useful data to inform future studies. A similar pragmatic approach has been used in a large Art and Dementia study in the United Kingdom [30]. All variables were examined prior to analysis to determine suitability for parametric or non-parametric methods using histograms and both Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests of normality.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychophysiological Responses in People Living with Dementia after an Art Gallery Intervention: An Exploratory Study

D’Cunha

McKune

Isbel

et al. 2019

JAD

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The use of existing public spaces by people living with dementia, such as museums and art galleries, are becoming popular due to their ability to facilitate programs which promote social engagement and inclusion. However, few studies have investigated physiological outcomes of art gallery-based programs. Using a quasi-experimental design, the present study aimed to investigate the levels of salivary biomarkers of cortisol and interleukin-6, quality of life (QoL), depressive symptoms, cognition, and wellbeing, after attending the National Gallery of Australia (NGA) Art and Dementia program. Twenty-eight people living with dementia, each supported by a carer or family member, were recruited for a six-week program and were followed up at twelve weeks. In total, 25 participants (17 female; mean age 84.6 ± 7.27 years) completed the study, and 22 provided viable saliva samples. The waking to evening salivary cortisol ratio was higher post-intervention (p = 0.033), and returned to baseline levels at follow-up (p = 1.00), indicating a more dynamic salivary cortisol rhythm in response to the six-week program. Interleukin-6 levels remained unchanged (p = 0.664). No improvements in QoL (DEMQOL-Carer) were observed between baseline and post-intervention (p = 0.076). However, self-reported depressive symptoms decreased postintervention compared with baseline (p = 0.015), and memory (immediate recall) (p = 0.009) and verbal fluency (p = 0.027) improved between the same timepoints. The NGA Art and Dementia program appears to have quantifiable benefits, including improved hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function, justifying a need for longer controlled trial inclusive of physiological outcomes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychophysiological Responses in People Living with Dementia after an Art Gallery Intervention: An Exploratory Study

D’Cunha

McKune

Isbel

et al. 2019

JAD

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“…A recruitment protocol was developed which emphasised that participants could pull out of the project at any time without explanation. The provisions of the UK Mental Capacity Act 2005 were followed and if the potential participant was unable to make an informed choice, an authorised family member or carer provided consent on their behalf, as is noted in the research protocol (Windle et al 2016). Research staff and artists undertook training by the lead investigators and this covered the Mental Capacity Act 2005, informed consent, dementia awareness and the study protocol procedures, including data collection methods and data management.…”

Section: Methodology Data and Visual Arts Enrichment Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the visual arts in the resilience of people living with dementia in care homes

et al. 2018

Self Cite

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This study responds to a gap in the literature relating to the resilience of people living with dementia in care homes. We applied an ecopsychosocial framework of resilience, theorising that sources of resilience may be personal, social and structural. Visual arts enrichment activities were examined to see how they might provide opportunities for resilience. The data used for this study were qualitative and originated from people with dementia aged between 70 and 99 years old (N = 48) living in four care homes in North East England, United Kingdom and staff/carers/family members (N = 37). The results showed that visual arts enrichment activities supported the resilience of those with dementia through creative expression, increased communication, improved self-esteem, and influenced relationships with carers and family members. It is concluded that even those with advanced dementia are capable of demonstrating resilience which can be supported by, and explored through, visual arts enrichment activities.

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“…The assessment of the studies methodological strengths and weaknesses during this review found that all the studies produced valuable results in terms of their contribution to knowledge and regarding the aims of this review. However, only Clarke et al (27,28) and Newman et al (29,30) rated highly in terms of methodological quality. This result was obtained by the two reviewers whose independent assessments, which initially revealed a high degree of consensus, achieved full consensus following discussion (Appendix ii in Supplementary Material).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This resulted in 53 studies being retained for full-text review, against the inclusion criteria. The final review included six papers that reported five interventions (27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32). An overview of the studies and the interventions is provided below.…”

Section: Review Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fostering the Resilience of People With Dementia: A Narrative Literature Review

2020

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Background: Resilience is a process through which people use resources to adapt to adversity. Interventions aiming to support resilience in people with dementia have been developed. However, the optimal content, structure and impact of these interventions is unclear. This literature review explores the factors through which interventions foster resilience in people with dementia and examines their efficacy. Methods: Eight databases were searched systematically, for literature published from 2000 to 2019. Following the removal of duplicate articles, the titles and abstracts of 6,749 articles were screened. Articles were selected if they: reported empirical studies in English; focused on resilience; involved people with dementia and psychosocial interventions. The full text of 53 articles were examined and three studies, reported in six papers, were included in the final review. Data were systematically extracted, and two authors critiqued the studies using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme check lists. The studies were examined to determine how resilience was defined and operationalized and their findings were synthesized using the theoretical resilience framework. Results: Five interventions aiming to foster resilience were identified: Dementia Advisors; Peer Support Network Services; Visual Arts Enrichment Activities; Memory Makers; and Early-Stage and Beyond Community Activities. All studies defined resilience as a process and most involved people with mild dementia who had family carers. The interventions impacted resilience by reducing the adversity of stigma and social isolation; increasing personal and social resources, providing stigma-free space and reciprocal support. Interventions empowered people with dementia, increasing their self-esteem and self-worth. Resilience can be fostered both during, and after interventions. However, the efficacy of interventions could not be determined because the research designs utilized did not measure efficacy. Conclusions: Interventions need facilitators to ensure they are strength-based, person-centered and they enable reciprocal social interactions. Future research needs to develop interventions that aim to foster the resilience of people with dementia who lack family carers and/or have more advanced dementia through meaningful activities that are identified by people with dementia as important to their resilience. Robust methodologies, including randomized controlled trials should be used to measure effectiveness and explore the impact of interventions regarding the: interplay between individual and community resources; the importance of reciprocity; and temporal aspects of resilience.

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Dementia and Imagination: a mixed-methods protocol for arts and science research

Cited by 21 publications

References 27 publications

Psychophysiological Responses in People Living with Dementia after an Art Gallery Intervention: An Exploratory Study

Psychophysiological Responses in People Living with Dementia after an Art Gallery Intervention: An Exploratory Study

The role of the visual arts in the resilience of people living with dementia in care homes

Fostering the Resilience of People With Dementia: A Narrative Literature Review

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