Democratizing Candidate Selection

Pennings, Paul; Hazan, Reuven Y.

doi:10.1177/1354068801007003001

Cited by 188 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Internal ballots (closed primaries) are becoming common through European countries for the selection of candidates (Bille, 2001;Pennings and Hazan, 2001;Kenig, 2009a) (Dolez and Laurent, 2007;Lefebvre, 2011); its example was followed by the UMP for the selection of the Paris mayoral candidate for the 2014 municipal elections. The results of such elections, however, can be unexpected: when the Spanish Socialist party or Partido Socialista Obrero Español organised a primary election in 1998 to choose its candidate for Prime Minister at the 2000 elections, the party secretary was defeated in favour of a low profile rival (Hopkin,p.…”

Section: Democracy and Participation As Incentivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The impact and effectiveness of such consultations remain to be demonstrated and members themselves are often cautious. Indeed, despite claims that inclusivity would increase democracy, there is evidence that neither widening of the selectorate, nor ballots or consultations, have contributed to a decentralisation of power (Katz, 2001;LeDuc, 2001;Pennings and Hazan, 2001;Kaufmann et al, 2003;Kenny, 2009). Observers expected that participation would decline over time as party members realised that reforms have left their individual influence more or less unchanged (Hopkin,p.…”

Section: Democracy and Participation As Incentivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New forms of political participation. Changing demands or changing opportunities to participate in political parties?

Faucher

2014

Comp Eur Polit

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In the past 30 years, party membership has dropped significantly across Europe, whereas other forms of political participation have developed. I first show how political parties have sought to be more attractive by lowering the cost of membership and creating new selective incentives (such as the right to vote in internal ballots), leading to a convergence of party rules across European parties. To understand the logic behind such reforms, one needs to take into account the broader political context and I focus on the United Kingdom to show how competition between and within parties provided the justification for changes that mostly aligned them with organisational myths. The third part argues that such changes in opportunities to participate in political parties contribute to explain why membership has continued to fall. This article draws on extensive qualitative research (including my own) conducted in and on political parties in the United Kingdom and France to provide a new account of membership recruitment crisis that contrasts with the traditional emphasis on supply/demand.

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Section: Democracy and Participation As Incentivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Democracy and Participation As Incentivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New forms of political participation. Changing demands or changing opportunities to participate in political parties?

Faucher

2014

Comp Eur Polit

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“…Unless the political parties perceive that advantages can come from their democratization, they won't be willing to do so. Is it suggested (Pennings & Hazan, 2001) that a new and democratic model of organization could help maintaining the levels of affiliation or electoral base, as it will transmit the feeling to the members and voters that they decide, that they are part of the party and, therefore, of the political system. To broaden the political rights of the members of the party could be an enormous incentive to bring members in and, moreover, it' s almost costless to the political party (Rahat & Hazan, 2007;Scarrow, Webb, & Farrel, 2000).…”

Section: Legal or Internal Regulation?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulating nominations in political parties: Candidates, open primaries and Law

Pérez-Moneo

2016

Ballot

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Abstract:Candidate nomination is in the core of any democratic order. Political parties require an efficient nomination process that should achieve three goals: 1) determine a clear winner, 2) promote a capable politician and 3) prevent the negative effects of internal competition. In order to regulate this process, the interests of all the agents involved have to be balanced. Particularly, the interest of the affiliates, who would want to exert some control over the process and the candidate selected; the interest of the party as-an-organization, who would like to select a competitive candidate; the interest of the candidate-to--be, who would like to know beforehand the procedural aspects of the nomination; and, last but not least, the interest of the electorate, that would like to participate in the elaboration of the electoral ticket. Taking into account that in countries such as Spain, Italy or France, nomination is a non-state-regulated process, political parties have a wide margin of appreciation when regulating this process. Analyzing former primary processes (French PS and Italian PD) and regulation proposals (Spanish PSOE), this work aims to study the basic aspects on regulating nomination by the political parties. Therefore this paper will address when to conduct the nomination process, which organ of the party can take the decision and regulate the process, who (and how) can be candidate, who composes the selectorate, how do the selectorate express their preferences, and how the process is financed. The results obtained will determine the internal requirements that political parties impose on the right to be a candidate in a formal electoral process, underlining their important role in a representative democracy. Keywords: Resumo:A nomeação de candidatos é tópico central de qualquer ordem democrática. Partidos políticos requerem um processo de nomeação eficiente que deve alcançar três objetivos: 1) determinar de forma clara um vencedor, 2) promover um político capaz e 3) impedir os efeitos negativos da competição interna. Para regular esse processo os interesses de todos os agentes envolvidos devem ser postos em equilíbrio. Especialmente os interesses dos filiados, que almejam exercer algum controle sobre o processo e o candidato escolhido; o interesse do partido enquanto organização, que almeja selecionar um candidato competitivo; o interesse do pré-candidato, que almeja saber de antemão os aspectos procedimentais da nomeação; e, finalmente, o interesse do eleitorado, que almeja participar na elaboração das candidaturas (electoral ticket). Ao se levar em conta que em países como Espanha, Italia e França a nomeação é um processo não regulamentado, partidos políticos têm uma larga margem de autonomia ao regular esse processo. Analisando eleições primárias passadas (do Parti Socialiste francês e do Partito Democratico Italiano) e propostas de regulamentação (do partido espanhol PSOE), este trabalho objetiva estudar os aspectos básicos da regulamentação da nomeação de candidatos por partidos políticos. ...

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“…On the other hand, the whole process is accompanied with transparency and openness towards common citizens and ordinary party members. Changes have been noticed which have resulted in the growth of the significance of party members, not only in the process of selecting candidates but also when it comes to party leaders (Cross 1996;LeDuc 2001;Bille 2001;Pennings and Hazan 2001;Rahat and Hazan 2001;Hazan and Rahat 2010;Cross and Blais 2012a;2012b).…”

Section: Party Leadership Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Selection of Party Leaders in Poland: Democratisation of Rules and Predictability of Results

Hartliński¹

2014

Polish Political Science Review

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The objective of this analysis is to examine political party leadership with reference to the rules and results of its selection process in post-communist Poland. The exploration of these matters is based on qualitative and quantitative data concerning 16 different political parties and 80 selections they conducted in the years 1990-2013. The comprehensive research methods employed for this study ranged from in-depth analysis of particular election results to analysis of constitutional and structural party variations. This extensive investigation enables the reader to draw conclusions about Polish intra-party politics and to understand the vetting processes that Polish politicians must undergo. The findings indicate that political parties tend to address wider selectorates; and that the rules of selection are transparent, democratic, and empirically predictable.

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Democratizing Candidate Selection

Cited by 188 publications

References 16 publications

New forms of political participation. Changing demands or changing opportunities to participate in political parties?

New forms of political participation. Changing demands or changing opportunities to participate in political parties?

Regulating nominations in political parties: Candidates, open primaries and Law

The Selection of Party Leaders in Poland: Democratisation of Rules and Predictability of Results

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