Demodicosis revealing an HIV infection

Hachfi, W.; Slama, Dorsaf; Lasfar, Nadia Ben; Mnif, Khaled; Bellazreg, F.; Fathallah, Abir; Létaief, A.

doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2019.100525

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…According to the literature data, immunosuppression is an important predisposing factor for development of symptomatic Demodex spp. invasion [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. On the other hand, the research conducted by Kosik-Bogacka in the group of patients with haematologic diseases did not show any significant differences between the prevalence of D. folliculorum in the study group and in the control group [ 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Ocular Demodicosis and Ocular Surface Conditions in Patients Selected for Cataract Surgery

Nowomiejska

Łukasik

Brzozowska

et al. 2020

JCM

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The aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence of ocular demodicosis and ocular surface conditions in patients selected for cataract surgery. Eyelashes from 73 patients selected for cataract surgery were evaluated at × 40 and × 100 magnification using light microscopy. The anterior segment was assessed with the slit lamp. Additionally, Schirmer I and break up time (BUT) tests were carried out before surgery and 1 and 3 months postoperatively. A specially designed questionnaire containing e.g. information about chronic skin and eye diseases, previous ophthalmic surgeries, and patient's hygiene habits was used to assess the demographic variables. A majority of patients were at the age of 70–79 years, and there were more females (83%) in the study group. Demodex folliculorum was found in 48% of the patients. There was a correlation between the number of parasites and the presence of blepharitis, discharge at eyelid margins, and conjunctival hyperemia. Schirmer I and BUT test results were lower in patients with Demodex infestation before and after cataract surgery. The higher number of mites was correlated with lower Schirmer I test results postoperatively. The presence of Demodex mites influences the conjunctiva and lid margins leading to inflammation. The higher number of Demodex mites disturbs the tear film over time after cataract surgery.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Ocular Demodicosis and Ocular Surface Conditions in Patients Selected for Cataract Surgery

Nowomiejska

Łukasik

Brzozowska

et al. 2020

JCM

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“…A similar immunopathogenesis in these disease groups may also be responsible for the association of facial dermatoses and blepharitis. The presence of STAT-1 gene mutations that cause a primary immunodeficiency, which is blamed especially in the etiology of rosacea, Demodicosis, blepharitis, or the emergence of Demodicosis, SD and rosacea in secondary immunodeficiency cases may be a consociate etiopathogenetic factor [35][36][37][38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facial dermatoses in patients with blepharitis: a cross-sectional prospective analysis.

Güder

Çulfa

2022

Dermatol Pract Concept

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Introduction: The relationship between facial dermatoses and blepharitis has been known for along time.Objectives: We aimed to investigate the frequency of accompanying facial dermatoses in patients withblepharitis and their relationship with the severity of blepharitis.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 95 patients with blepharitis were examined for attending facialdermatoses. The type of blepharitis, the severity of blepharitis, and the degree of dry eye weredetermined in the patients. Dermoscopic and microscopic examinations were used in the diagnosis offacial dermatoses. The history of allergic rhinitis was questioned because Demodex species frequentlyaccompany blepharitis, facial dermatoses, and allergic rhinitis patients. Mann-Whitney U test wasused compare 2 independent groups. In comparing categorical variables, Pearson chi-Squared, FishereExact, and Fisher-Freeman-Holton tests were used.Results: At least 1 facial dermatosis was detected in 84.2% patients, and we did not see any facialdermatosis in 15.8% ones. No patients had acne, which is one of the most common facial dermatoses.The most common facial dermatosis detected in our patients was facial demodicosis (57.9%). It wasfollowed by seborrheic dermatitis (22.1%) and rosacea (12.6%), respectively. In addition, 2.1% of thepatients had atopic eyelid dermatitis, 23.2% had a history of allergic rhinitis, and 63.2% had oculardemodicosis.Conclusions: It is essential to perform dermatological examinations of all patients with blepharitis interms of accompanying facial dermatoses and their early diagnosis.

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“…A retrospective study of 115 cases of demodicosis reported three cases related to immunodeficiencies (20). Demodicosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection (21)(22)(23)(24), with an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (25)(26)(27)(28), or in a patient with ataxia-telangiectasia ( 29) has been reported. The impaired IL-17-mediated immunity, with low Th17 cell proportions, in STAT1 GOF patients may explain the proliferation of Demodex (30), leading to the occurrence of demodicosis, especially rosacea-like demodicosis (31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: A New Gain-of-Function Mutation of STAT1 Identified in a Patient With Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis and Rosacea-Like Demodicosis: An Emerging Association

et al. 2021

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PurposeHeterozygous missense STAT1 mutations leading to a gain of function (GOF) are the most frequent genetic cause of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC). We describe the case of a patient presenting a new GOF mutation of STAT1 with the clinical symptoms of CMC, recurrent pneumonia, and persistent central erythema with papulopustules with ocular involvement related to rosacea-like demodicosis.MethodsGenetic analysis via targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS; NGS panel DIPAI v.1) exploring the 98 genes most frequently involved in primary immunodeficiencies, including STAT1, was performed to identify an underlying genetic defect.ResultsNGS identified a novel variant of STAT1, c.884C>A (exon 10), p.T295Y, not previously described. This variant was found to be gain of function using an in vitro luciferase reporter assay. Rosacea-like demodicosis was confirmed by substantial Demodex proliferation observed via the microscopic examination of a cutaneous sample. A review of literature retrieved 20 other cases of STAT1 GOF mutations associated with early-onset rosacea-like demodicosis, most with ocular involvement.ConclusionWe describe a new STAT1 GOF mutation associated with a phenotype of CMC and rosacea-like demodicosis. Rosacea-like demodicosis appears as a novel and important clinical phenotype among patients with STAT1 GOF mutation.

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Demodicosis revealing an HIV infection

Abstract: We report an observation of facial and upper limb demodicosis, revealing a human immunodeficiency virus infection. After an initial improvement with metronidazole, worsening of skin lesions related to immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome was observed, requiring the use of steroids.

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

Prevalence of Ocular Demodicosis and Ocular Surface Conditions in Patients Selected for Cataract Surgery

Prevalence of Ocular Demodicosis and Ocular Surface Conditions in Patients Selected for Cataract Surgery

Facial dermatoses in patients with blepharitis: a cross-sectional prospective analysis.

Case Report: A New Gain-of-Function Mutation of STAT1 Identified in a Patient With Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis and Rosacea-Like Demodicosis: An Emerging Association

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