Demographic and Clinical Factors Associated with Reactivity of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Serbian Convalescent Plasma Donors

Grujic, Jasmina; Bujandric, Nevenka; Budakov-Obradović, Zorana; Dolinaj, Vladimir; Bogdan, Damir; Savić, Nebojša; Cabezas-Cruz, Alejandro; Mijatović, Davor; Simin, Verica; Anđelić, Nikola; Banović, Pavle

doi:10.3390/ijerph19010042

Cited by 9 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…No difference between ABO groups with any of the tests was found. Similar results have been reported in other studies [50][51]. According to these authors, the discrepancies in the results could be explained by the lack of representation of all ethnicities, the heterogeneity of the donors, the severity of the disease, the associated comorbidity, the small sample sizes in the studies carried out at the beginning of the pandemic, and the different sensitivity of the serological tests [50][51][52].…”

Section: Blood Group O and Prevalence Of Igg+ Antibodiessupporting

confidence: 83%

Blood group O and post-COVID-19 syndrome

Díaz-Salazar

Navas

Sainz-Maza

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Objective The ABO system modulates the inflammatory response, and it has been involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection. There is increasing evidence of underlying immune-inflammatory mechanisms in post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS). Blood group O seems to protect against COVID-19 infection, but there is no data on the relationship between blood group O and PCS. This study aimed to assess this potential association. Subjects and methods A case-control study including subjects who had suffered from mild COVID-19 in a community setting was designed. Cases were PCS+ patients, controls were PCS- subjects and the exposure variable was blood group O. Baseline epidemiological data (age, sex, BMI, smoking, comorbidities), and clinical and laboratory parameters (inflammatory markers and IgG anti-N antibodies) 3 months after the acute episode, were obtained. Five composite indices of inflammation were built, combining the upper ranges of the distributions of inflammatory markers. Blood group and Rh factor were obtained from the patient's medical history or capillary blood samples. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Results One-hundred and twenty-one subjects were analyzed (56.2% women). The mean age was 45.7 (16) years (range, 18-88 years). Blood group frequencies were 43.3% (group A), 7.7% (group B), 5.7% (group AB), and 43.3% (group O). Thirty-six patients were classified as PCS+ (25 women, 11 men; p=0.07). The most frequent symptom was fatigue (42.8%). There were no significant differences between PCS+ and PCS- subjects regarding age, BMI, smoking, or previous comorbidity. The prevalence of PCS was 43.2% (19/44) in the blood group O and 23.7% in non-O subjects (14/60) (p=0.036). The mean number of PCS symptoms was 0.82 (1) in the blood group O and 0.43 (0.9) in the non-O group (p=0.017). There were no significant differences between A, B, and AB groups (PCS+ and PCS-) regarding inflammatory markers. In contrast, blood group O PCS+ patients had significantly higher lymphocyte count, plasma CRP, fibrinogen levels, and higher percentages of C2, C3, and C4 composite indices than PCS- subjects. The blood group O had an increased risk of developing PCS compared to non-O subjects (adjusted OR=4.20 [95%CI, 1.2-14]; p=0.023). The variables that contributed the most to the predictive model were blood group O, lymphocyte count, neutrophil count, and female sex. R-squared was 0.46, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.807 [95% CI, 0.70-0.90] (p=0.0001). Conclusion An increased risk of PCS associated with blood group O has been observed. Slightly, albeit significant, raised levels of fibrinogen, CRP, and neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, not observed in the other ABO blood groups, have been demonstrated in blood group O. Further investigations are needed to confirm these results.

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Section: Blood Group O and Prevalence Of Igg+ Antibodiessupporting

confidence: 83%

Blood group O and post-COVID-19 syndrome

Díaz-Salazar

Navas

Sainz-Maza

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Numerous studies have reported positive associations between older age and high-titer CCP (13)(14)(15)(16). In a longitudinal study of 52,240 US CCP donors, older donors had significantly higher initial SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers compared to their younger counterparts (p< 0.0001), and the antibody levels persisted for a longer period in donors aged 55 to 66 years compared to other age groups (p = 0.0004) (13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Previous studies identified several factors that may predict hightiter antibodies in CCP donors, including age (13)(14)(15)(16)(17), gender (13)(14)(15)18), race/ethnicity (13,19), BMI (20), complications (15), SARS-CoV-2 infection symptoms (14,16), illness severity (15), and time after infection (13,16,21). Identifying these predictive factors of high-titer CCP can assist in streamlining screening, allowing for more efficient fulfillment of clinical demands while also reducing screening costs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of high SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G titers in COVID-19 convalescent whole-blood donors: a cross-sectional study in China

et al. 2023

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BackgroundDemographic information has been shown to help predict high antibody titers of COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) in CCP donors. However, there is no research on the Chinese population and little evidence on whole-blood donors. Therefore, we aimed to investigate these associations among Chinese blood donors after SARS-CoV-2 infection.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 5,064 qualified blood donors with confirmed or suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection completed a self-reported questionnaire and underwent tests of SARS-CoV-2 Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody and ABO blood type. Logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) for high SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers according to each factor.ResultsTotally, 1,799 participants (with SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers≥1:160) had high-titer CCPs. Multivariable analysis showed that a 10-year increment in age and earlier donation were associated with higher odds of high-titer CCP, while medical personnel was associated with lower odds. The ORs (95% CIs) of high-titer CCP were 1.17 (1.10–1.23, p< 0.001) and 1.41 (1.25-1.58, p< 0.001) for each 10-year increment in age and earlier donation, respectively. The OR of high-titer CCP was 0.75 (0.60-0.95, p = 0.02) for medical personnel. Female early donors were associated with increased odds of high-titer CCP, but this association was insignificant for later donors. Donating after 8 weeks from the onset was associated with decreased odds of having high-titer CCP compared to donating within 8 weeks from the onset, and the HR was 0.38 (95% CI: 0.22-0.64, p <0.001). There was no significant association between ABO blood type or race and the odds of high-titer CCP.DiscussionOlder age, earlier donation, female early donors, and non-medical-related occupations are promising predictors of high-titer CCP in Chinese blood donors. Our findings highlight the importance of CCP screening at the early stage of the pandemic.

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“…Moreover, another study found that IgA titers were significantly higher in men than in women [ 69 ]. In Serbia, a study of COVID-19 plasma from 468 convalescent individuals found a correlation between higher levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and the presence of hypertension (p = 0.008) and male gender (p = 0.034) [ 70 ]. These gender disparities in immune responses are likely multifactorial, primarily influenced by sex hormones, transcription factors, and the genetic makeup of the second X chromosome [ 71 , 72 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM, IgA, and IgG responses during the first 12 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A prospective longitudinal study

et al. 2023

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Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health threat. The kinetics of antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) need to be assessed, as the long-term duration of these immunoglobulins remains largely controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the longitudinal dynamics of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies against the nucleocapsid (N) protein and the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein up to one year in a cohort of 190 COVID-19 patients. Between March and September 2021, we enrolled patients from two regional hospitals in Casablanca, Morocco. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for antibody levels. We used the commercial Euroimmun ELISA for the determination of anti-N IgM, the Abbott Architect™ SARS-CoV-2 IgG test for the detection of anti-RBD IgG, and an in-house kit for the assay of anti-N IgG and anti-N IgA. IgM and IgA antibodies were assessed 2–5, 9–12, 17–20 and 32–37 days after symptom onset. IgG antibodies were also assessed 60, 90, 120 and 360 days after symptom onset. One-third of patients developed IgM (32%), while two-thirds developed IgA (61%). One month of symptom onset, most patients developed IgG, with 97% and 93% positivity for anti-RBD IgG and anti-N IgG, respectively. The anti-RBD IgG positivity rate remained high up to one year of follow-up. However, the anti-N IgG positivity rate decreased over time, with only 41% of patients testing positive after one year’s follow-up. IgG levels were significantly higher in older people (over 50 years) than in other study participants. We also found that patients who had received two doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine prior to infection had a lower IgM response than unvaccinated patients. This difference was statistically significant two weeks after the onset of symptoms. We present the first study in Africa to measure the kinetics of antibody response (IgA, IgM and IgG) to SARS-CoV-2 over one year. Most participants remained seropositive for anti-RBD IgG after one year but showed a significant decline in antibody titers.

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Demographic and Clinical Factors Associated with Reactivity of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Serbian Convalescent Plasma Donors

Cited by 9 publications

References 69 publications

Blood group O and post-COVID-19 syndrome

Blood group O and post-COVID-19 syndrome

Predictors of high SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G titers in COVID-19 convalescent whole-blood donors: a cross-sectional study in China

Kinetics of specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM, IgA, and IgG responses during the first 12 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A prospective longitudinal study

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