Demographic and familial characteristics of HTLV-I infection among an isolated, highly endemic population of African origin in French Guiana

Plancoulaine, Sabine; Buigues, René-Pierre; Murphy, Edward L.; Beveren, Monique van; Pouliquen, Jean‐François; Joubert, Michel; Rémy, F.; Tuppin, Philippe; Tortevoye, Patricia; Thé, Guy de; Moreau, Jean‐Paul; Gessain, Antoine

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19980504)76:3<331::aid-ijc8>3.0.co;2-w

Cited by 60 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…14,15 However, in contrast with the countries were those studies that took place (Brazil, United States), 14 and French Guiana transmission is essentially sexual or maternofetal and intravenous drug use is marginal. 13,16 The clinical stage was not significantly different between the two groups. In the literature, there are conflicting data with some reporting more advanced disease, whereas other studies did not find any difference.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…5,10,12 Surinamese nationals appeared more infected with HTLV1. This is explained by the epidemiology of HTLV1 in French Guiana where the maroon populations are most affected with this infection, 6,13 living mostly on the Maroni river, which marks the border with Suriname. It is noteworthy that Haitian nationals, or other nationalities from the Caribbean, were not more at risk, although HTLV1 prevalence is high in these countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predictive Factors of HTLV1-HIV Coinfections in French Guiana

Gouhier¹,

Gaubert-Marechal²,

Abboud³

et al. 2013

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. French Guiana, the French territory most affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (1.3% of pregnant women), is also endemic for human T lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV1). The objective of this study was to determine if the HTLV1/HIV coinfected patients had particular characteristics. All HIV-infected patients having a computerized medical file containing an HTLV1 serology were included: there were 1,333 HIV monoinfections and 76 HTLV1/VIH coinfections. The prevalence of HTLV1/HIV coinfections was 5.39%. Women (odds ratio [OR] = 1.91[1.13-3.24]), subjects 40 years of age, and patients of Surinamese origin (OR = 2.65 [1.25-5.61]) were overrepresented among the coinfected. CD4 count at the time of diagnosis and viral loads were higher among coinfected patients. The clinical stage was not significantly different between the two groups. The number of CD4 cells was not higher among the coinfected, unlike most reports from the literature. Prevalence of HTLV1 among HIV-infected patients is high in French Guiana, and physicians seem to omit the prescription of serology for this potentially serious coinfection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive Factors of HTLV1-HIV Coinfections in French Guiana

Gouhier¹,

Gaubert-Marechal²,

Abboud³

et al. 2013

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…One hundred and forty-two DNA extracts by phenol-chloroform protocol from Peripheral Blood Buffy Coat (PBBC) from individuals belonging to the four Noir Marron populations in French Guiana have been collected previously, during former collaborative studies in Saint-Laurent du Maroni, Maripasoula and Papaichton in the Maroni river region [13-16]: 80 Ndjuka, 41 Saramaka, 10 Aluku and 11 Paramaka. Genealogical data has been collected upon three generations to exclude related individuals.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The imprint of the Slave Trade in an African American population: mitochondrial DNA, Y chromosome and HTLV-1 analysis in the Noir Marron of French Guiana

et al. 2010

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BackgroundRetracing the genetic histories of the descendant populations of the Slave Trade (16th-19th centuries) is particularly challenging due to the diversity of African ethnic groups involved and the different hybridisation processes with Europeans and Amerindians, which have blurred their original genetic inheritances. The Noir Marron in French Guiana are the direct descendants of maroons who escaped from Dutch plantations in the current day Surinam. They represent an original ethnic group with a highly blended culture. Uniparental markers (mtDNA and NRY) coupled with HTLV-1 sequences (env and LTR) were studied to establish the genetic relationships linking them to African American and African populations.ResultsAll genetic systems presented a high conservation of the African gene pool (African ancestry: mtDNA = 99.3%; NRY = 97.6%; HTLV-1 env = 20/23; HTLV-1 LTR = 6/8). Neither founder effect nor genetic drift was detected and the genetic diversity is within a range commonly observed in Africa. Higher genetic similarities were observed with the populations inhabiting the Bight of Benin (from Ivory Coast to Benin). Other ancestries were identified but they presented an interesting sex-bias. Whilst male origins spread throughout the north of the bight (from Benin to Senegal), female origins were spread throughout the south (from the Ivory Coast to Angola).ConclusionsThe Noir Marron are unique in having conserved their African genetic ancestry, despite major cultural exchanges with Amerindians and Europeans through inhabiting the same region for four centuries. Their maroon identity and the important number of slaves deported in this region have maintained the original African diversity. All these characteristics permit to identify a major origin located in the former region of the Gold Coast and the Bight of Benin; regions highly impacted by slavery, from which goes a sex-biased longitudinal gradient of ancestry.

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“…This result contrasts with the situation in Australia where HTLV-1 prevalence among Indigenous Australians reached 40% in adults over 50 [10]. Of note, we investigated New Caledonian natives mostly living in the southern part of the main island, and clusters of higher HTLV-1 endemicity may exist elsewhere, as reported in other HTLV-1 endemic areas [11, 12]. Furthermore, some specific risk factors like cultural practices performed in the context of initiation rites, may only be present in populations from Central Australia [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

A Novel Human T-lymphotropic Virus Type 1c Molecular Variant in an Indigenous Individual from New Caledonia, Melanesia

Cassar

Charavay

Touzain³

et al. 2017

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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BackgroundHuman T-Lymphotropic Virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is endemic among people of Melanesian descent in Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, and in Indigenous populations from Central Australia. Molecular studies revealed that these Australo-Melanesian strains constitute the highly divergent HTLV-1c subtype. New Caledonia is a French overseas territory located in the Southwest Pacific Ocean. HTLV-1 situation is poorly documented in New Caledonia and the molecular epidemiology of HTLV-1 infection remains unknown.ObjectivesStudying 500 older adults Melanesian natives from New Caledonia, we aim to evaluate the HTLV-1 seroprevalence and to molecularly characterize HTLV-1 proviral strains.Study designPlasma from 262 men and 238 females (age range: 60–96 years old, mean age: 70.5) were screened for anti-HTLV-1 antibodies by particle agglutination (PA) and indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Serological confirmation was obtained using Western blot assay. DNAs were extracted from peripheral blood buffy coat of HTLV-1 seropositive individuals, and subjected to four series of PCR (LTR-gag; pro-pol; pol-env and tax-LTR). Primers were designed from highly common conserved regions of the major HTLV-1 subtypes to characterize the entire HTLV-1 proviral genome.ResultsAmong 500 samples, 3 were PA and IFA positive. The overall seroprevalence was 0.6%. The DNA sample from 1 New Caledonian woman (NCP201) was found positive by PCR and the complete HTLV-1 proviral genome (9,033-bp) was obtained. The full-length HTLV-1 genomic sequence from a native woman from Vanuatu (EM5), obtained in the frame of our previous studies, was also characterized. Both sequences belonged to the HTLV-1c Australo-Melanesian subtype. The NCP201 strain exhibited 0.3% nucleotide divergence with the EM5 strain from Vanuatu. Furthermore, divergence reached 1.1% to 2.9% with the Solomon and Australian sequences respectively. Phylogenetic analyses on a 522-bp-long fragment of the gp21-env gene showed the existence of two major clades. The first is composed of strains from Papua New Guinea; the second includes strains from all neighboring archipelagos (Solomon, Vanuatu, New Caledonia), and Australia. Interestingly, this second clade itself is divided into two sub-clades: strains from Australia on one hand, and strains from Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and New Caledonia on the other hand.ConclusionsThe HTLV-1 seroprevalence (0.6%) in the studied adult population from New Caledonia appears to be low. This seroprevalence is quite similar to the situation observed in Vanuatu and Solomon Islands. However it is very different to the one encountered in Central Australia. Taken together, these results demonstrated that Australo-Melanesia is endemic for HTLV-1 infection with a high diversity of HTLV-1c strains and a clear geographic clustering according to the island of origin of HTLV-1 infected persons.

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Demographic and familial characteristics of HTLV-I infection among an isolated, highly endemic population of African origin in French Guiana

Cited by 60 publications

References 16 publications

Predictive Factors of HTLV1-HIV Coinfections in French Guiana

Predictive Factors of HTLV1-HIV Coinfections in French Guiana

The imprint of the Slave Trade in an African American population: mitochondrial DNA, Y chromosome and HTLV-1 analysis in the Noir Marron of French Guiana

A Novel Human T-lymphotropic Virus Type 1c Molecular Variant in an Indigenous Individual from New Caledonia, Melanesia

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