Demographic and Habitual Factors of Periodontal Disease among South Indian Adults

Selvaraj, Siddharthan; Naing, Nyi Nyi; Wan-Arfah, Nadiah; Abreu, Mauro Henrique Nogueira Guimarães de

doi:10.3390/ijerph18157910

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…A recent cross‐sectional study involving 1936 adults in London demonstrated that periodontitis was associated with individual and intersectional social characteristics, especially ethnicity and education 38 . Another cross‐sectional study of Indian adults also identified ethnicity as a risk indicator for periodontitis 39 . While the present study did not examine educational status, the results affirm that periodontitis is significantly associated with both race and ethnicity for adults seeking dental care in rural communities in North Carolina.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Several psychosocial factors have been associated with oral hygiene behaviors in patients, including self‐efficacy, intention, social influences, coping planning, and action planning 40 . One systematic review found that race, ethnicity, and sex could affect oral health behaviors 41 ; however, the majority of these studies on oral hygiene behaviors have been limited to children and adolescents 34,39,40 . In contrast, the present study included dentate adults, aged 30 years and older.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Racial and ethnic disparities in periodontal health among adults seeking dental care in rural North Carolina communities: A retrospective study

Gillone

Luna

et al. 2023

Journal of Periodontology

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Background: Population studies consistently demonstrate a greater prevalence of chronic diseases, including oral diseases, among underrepresented minorities. This retrospective study aimed to measure and describe the prevalence and extent of periodontitis among adults seeking dental care within an academic practice-based network in rural North Carolina.Methods: This study used de-identified electronic health record (EHR) data from 2011 to 2017 of adult dentate patients (aged ≥30 years) seeking dental care who received a comprehensive periodontal examination at one of nine networked clinical centers. Periodontitis prevalence was calculated using CDC/AAP case definitions, along with extent (%) scores for periodontal parameters. Comparisons focused on age, sex, race, ethnicity, tobacco use, diabetes status, payer or insurance status, plaque scores, and the number of teeth. Results: EHR data for 10,544 adult patients (60.5% female) indicated 79.8% had some form of periodontitis. This patient population was diverse: 22.6% Black, 4.4% American Indian, and 53.8% White, with 4.8% self-identified as Hispanic. Patients 50 years and older showed greater mean extent scores for clinical attachment levels relative to patients 30 to 49 years. Males exhibited greater periodontitis than females (p = 0.001). Blacks showed significantly (p < 0.001) greater periodontitis prevalence relative to Whites. Hispanics also showed a greater prevalence of periodontitis (p < 0.001) relative to non-Hispanics. Significantly greater periodontitis was also noted for tobacco users (p < 0.001) but not for diabetes or payer status. A multiple logistic regression analysis of periodontitis prevalence confirmed significant associations for periodontitis for age, sex, race,This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Racial and ethnic disparities in periodontal health among adults seeking dental care in rural North Carolina communities: A retrospective study

Gillone

Luna

et al. 2023

Journal of Periodontology

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“…The existence of dental caries is widespread around the globe, and, on the other hand, 15% of the adult population considerably experience severe periodontal disease [1]. The Indian population has a significant imbalance in oral health care compared to general health [2,3]. Oral health-related conditions can be prevented with proper and effective home oral hygiene measures [4,5].…”

Section: Background Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Validation of Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior Questionnaire among Indian Adults

et al. 2022

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Background and objectives: The Indian population faces numerous challenges to attain better oral hygiene due to a lack of oral health literacy. For the past 10 years, the prevalence of dental-related conditions in India has become a considerable problem in every state of India. A health-education-based oral health promotion strategy will be an ideal choice for the Indian population instead of endorsing conventional oral health promotion. The use of unsuitable tools to measure may lead to misleading and vague findings that might result in a flawed plan for cessation programs and deceitful effectiveness. Therefore, the research aimed to develop and validate an instrument that can assess the oral health knowledge, attitude and behavior (KAB) of adults in India. Materials and Methods: This study was carried among adults in India, who live in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. A questionnaire was fabricated and then validated using content, face, as well as construct. The knowledge domain was validated using item response theory analysis (IRT), whereas exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to validate the behavior domain and attitude. Results: Four principal sections, i.e., knowledge, attitude, demography and behavior, were used to fabricate a questionnaire following validation. Following analysis of item response theory on the knowledge domain, all analyzed items in the domain were within the ideal range of difficulty and discrimination. The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin measure of sampling adequacy was 0.65 for the attitude and 0.66 for the behavior domain. A Bartlett’s test of sphericity was conducted and demonstrated that outcomes for both domains were highly significant (p < 0.001). The factor analysis resulted in three factors with a total of eight items in the attitude domain and three factors with a total of seven items in the behavior domain depicting satisfactory factor loading (>0.3). Across the three factors, i.e., knowledge, attitude and behavior, internal consistency reliability was tested using Cronbach’s alpha, and the values obtained were 0.67, 0.87, 0.67, and 0.88, respectively. Conclusions: The findings of this study that assessed validity and reliability showed that the developed questionnaire had an acceptable psychometric property for measuring oral health KAB among adults in India.

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“…Similar findings were reported in several other studies. [42][43][44][45] In the current study, neither knowledge nor attitude of participants showed any effect on periodontal disease. Only oral health behavior had a significant association with periodontal disease of individuals.…”

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confidence: 94%

Epidemiological Factors of Periodontal Disease Among South Indian Adults

Selvaraj¹,

Naing²,

Wan-Arfah³

et al. 2022

JMDH

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Introduction Oral conditions exist worldwide, and are related with astounding morbidity. Indian adults’ incidence of mild and moderate periodontal conditions was nearly 25%, while about 19% of adults experience severe periodontitis. Objective The aim of this study was to analyse epidemiological factors of periodontal disease among a south Indian population based on the role of sociodemographic factors, habitual factors and set of oral health knowledge, attitude, and behaviour measures. Methods A sample of 288 participants above 18 years of age residing in Tamil Nadu, India took part in this cross-sectional study. Based on WHO criteria, periodontal disease was measured in our study. Age, ethnicity, smoking, education, and oral health behavior were found to be the covariates. Ordinal logistic regression analysis using R version 3.6.1 was utilized to study the various factors that influence periodontal disease among south Indian adults. Results Various demographic factors such as age between 25 and 34 years (AOR = 2.25; 95% CI 1.14–4.55), 35–44 years (AOR = 1.80; 95% CI 0.89–3.64), ≥ 45 years old (AOR = 2.89; 95% CI 1.41–6.01), ethnicity (AOR = 2.71; 95% CI 1.25–5.81), smoking (AOR = 0.38; 95% CI 0.16–0.65), primary level education (AOR = 0.07; 95% CI 0.01–0.50) high school level education (AOR = 0.06; 95% CI 0.01–0.27), university level education (AOR = 0.08; 95% CI 0.01–0.36) and an individual’s oral health behavior (AOR = 0.59; 95% CI 0.32–1.08) were found to be related with periodontal disease among the south Indian population. The maximum log likelihood residual deviance value was 645.94 in the final model. Conclusion Based on our epidemiological findings, sociodemographic, habitual factors and oral health behavior play a vital role in an individual’s periodontal status among south Indian adults. An epidemiological model derived from the factors from our study will help to bring better understanding of the disease and to implement various preventive strategies to eliminate the causative factors.

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Demographic and Habitual Factors of Periodontal Disease among South Indian Adults

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

Racial and ethnic disparities in periodontal health among adults seeking dental care in rural North Carolina communities: A retrospective study

Racial and ethnic disparities in periodontal health among adults seeking dental care in rural North Carolina communities: A retrospective study

Development and Validation of Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior Questionnaire among Indian Adults

Epidemiological Factors of Periodontal Disease Among South Indian Adults

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