Demographic and initial outbreak patterns of COVID-19 in Thailand

Jindahra, Pavitra; Wongboonsin, Kua; Wongboonsin, Patcharawalai

doi:10.1007/s12546-021-09276-y

Cited by 9 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…For endotracheal intubation, we found that hypoxemia was associated with the outcome in all populations, similar to most previous studies [ 15 , 29 ]. However, respiratory rate was not associated with intubation in both the non-elderly and elderly groups despite being a significant factor in the overall population.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Clinical factors associated with adverse clinical outcomes in elderly versus non-elderly COVID-19 emergency patients: a multi-center observational study

et al. 2023

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Background The COVID-19 pandemic has caused over 6 million deaths worldwide. The elderly accounted for a large proportion of patients with their mortality rate largely higher than the non-elderly. However, limited studies have explored clinical factors associated with poor clinical outcomes in this important population. Therefore, this study aimed to determine factors independently associated with adverse clinical outcomes among COVID-19 elderly patients. Methods We conducted a multicenter observational study at five emergency departments (EDs) in Thailand. Patients over 18 years old diagnosed with COVID-19 between January and December 2021 were included. We classified patients into elderly (age ≥ 65 years) and non-elderly (age < 65 years). The primary clinical outcome was in-hospital mortality. The secondary outcomes were endotracheal intubation and intensive care unit admission. We identified independent factors associating with these outcomes both in the whole population and separately by age group using multivariate logistic regression models. Results A total of 978 patients were included, 519 (53.1%) were elderly and 459 (46.9%) were non-elderly, and 254 (26%) died at hospital discharge. The mortality rate was significantly higher in the elderly group (39.1% versus 14.3%, p<0.001)). In the elderly, age (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.13; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1—1.2; p<0.001), male sex (aOR 3.64; 95%CI 1.5–8.8; p=0.004), do-not-resuscitate (DNR) status (aOR 12.46; 95%CI 3.8–40.7; p<0.001), diastolic blood pressure (aOR 0.96; 95%CI 0.9–1.0; p=0.002), body temperature (aOR 1.74; 95%CI 1.0–2.9; p=0.036), and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score (aOR 0.71; 95%CI 0.5–1.0; p=0.026) were independent baseline and physiologic factors associated with in-hospital mortality. Only DNR status and GCS score were associated with in-hospital mortality in both the elderly and non-elderly, as well as the overall population. Lower total bilirubin was independently associated with in-hospital mortality in the elderly (aOR 0.34; 95%CI 0.1–0.9; p=0.035), while a higher level was associated with the outcome in the non-elderly. C-reactive protein (CRP) was the only laboratory factor independently associated with all three study outcomes in the elderly (aOR for in-hospital mortality 1.01; 95%CI 1.0–1.0; p=0.006). Conclusion Important clinical factors associated with in-hospital mortality in elderly COVID-19 patients were age, sex, DNR status, diastolic blood pressure, body temperature, GCS score, total bilirubin, and CRP. These parameters may aid in triage and ED disposition decision-making in this very important patient population during times of limited resources during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…We assessed all consecutive patients visiting the participating EDs from January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2021, during which the first large waves of COVID-19 attacked Thailand and large mass vaccinations for the whole population were advocated [ 15 , 16 ]. Eligible patients were identified by using ICD-10 codes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical factors associated with adverse clinical outcomes in elderly versus non-elderly COVID-19 emergency patients: a multi-center observational study

et al. 2023

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“…In light of the current public health situation, the country's older population is at increased risk of illness. At the onset of COVID‐19 pandemic, the older population in Thailand became one of the primary clusters of infection (Jindahra et al, 2021 ). Subsequent waves of infection have also seen a prevalence of cases within this age group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poverty, noncommunicable diseases, and perceived health risks among older adults during the COVID‐19 pandemic in urban Thailand

Pothisiri

Vicerra

Buathong

2022

Asian Soc Wrk & Pol Rev

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The COVID‐19 pandemic has had negative impacts on vulnerable populations worldwide. This study aimed to examine the association between the health worries of urban older people in Thailand and covariates related to income and non‐income poverty, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), and metabolic risk factors (MRFs). The study utilized the 2021 Survey on Housing and Support Services for Poor Older Adults, which sampled lower‐income urban adults aged at least 55 years from five national regions. Bivariate analyses were performed to determine the relationships of NCDs and MRFs with the covariates. Then, binary logistic regression was used to analyze outcomes of perceived health risks including becoming infected with COVID‐19, declining health status, and being unable to access health care. Higher educational attainment and income levels were observed to be negatively correlated with worse health status and the inability to access health care. Subjective household crowding consistently had a positive association with the three health concerns. Having MRFs was related only to concerns about health status and access to health care during the pandemic. Welfare and health policies need to improve their responsiveness to the needs of the older population, especially for protection from socioeconomic shocks such as those seen with the current pandemic.

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“…At the end of 2019, the sudden outbreak of COVID-19 disrupted the pace of human life, and many sports events were forced to be cancelled or postponed. Thailand first reported SARS-CoV-2 transmission in a boxing sport stadium, with 27 individuals infected [ 29 ]. During the Tokyo Olympics and Paralympics, the positive rates of COVID-19 tests were 0.10% and 0.03% for games-related people arriving at airports and people living in the Tokyo 2020 bubble, respectively, including 24 of 11,476 Olympic athletes and 13 of 4303 Paralympic athletes who tested positive [ 30 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risks, Epidemics, and Prevention Measures of Infectious Diseases in Major Sports Events: Scoping Review

Yan

Fang

et al. 2022

JMIR Public Health Surveill

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Background Major sports events are the focus of the world. However, the gathering of crowds during these events creates huge risks of infectious diseases transmission, posing a significant public health threat. Objective The aim of this study was to systematically review the epidemiological characteristics and prevention measures of infectious diseases at major sports events. Methods The procedure of this scoping review followed Arksey and O’Malley’s five-step methodological framework. Electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase, were searched systematically. The general information (ie, publication year, study type) of each study, sports events’ features (ie, date and host location), infectious diseases’ epidemiological characteristics (ie, epidemics, risk factors), prevention measures, and surveillance paradigm were extracted, categorized, and summarized. Results A total of 24,460 articles were retrieved from the databases and 358 studies were included in the final data synthesis based on selection criteria. A rapid growth of studies was found over recent years. The number of studies investigating epidemics and risk factors for sports events increased from 16/254 (6.3%) before 2000 to 201/254 (79.1%) after 2010. Studies focusing on prevention measures of infectious diseases accounted for 85.0% (238/280) of the articles published after 2010. A variety of infectious diseases have been reported, including respiratory tract infection, gastrointestinal infection, vector-borne infection, blood-borne infection, and water-contact infection. Among them, respiratory tract infections were the most concerning diseases (250/358, 69.8%). Besides some routine prevention measures targeted at risk factors of different diseases, strengthening surveillance was highlighted in the literature. The surveillance system appeared to have gone through three stages of development, including manual archiving, network-based systems, and automated intelligent platforms. Conclusions This critical summary and collation of previous empirical evidence is meaningful to provide references for holding major sports events. It is essential to improve the surveillance techniques for timely detection of the emergence of epidemics and to improve risk perception in future practice.

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Demographic and initial outbreak patterns of COVID-19 in Thailand

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

Clinical factors associated with adverse clinical outcomes in elderly versus non-elderly COVID-19 emergency patients: a multi-center observational study

Clinical factors associated with adverse clinical outcomes in elderly versus non-elderly COVID-19 emergency patients: a multi-center observational study

Poverty, noncommunicable diseases, and perceived health risks among older adults during the COVID‐19 pandemic in urban Thailand

Risks, Epidemics, and Prevention Measures of Infectious Diseases in Major Sports Events: Scoping Review

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