Demographic, clinical, and outcomes of confirmed cases of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA); A retrospective record based study

Sulayyim, Hadi J. Al; Khorshid, Sherif Mohamed; Moummar, Satam H. Al

doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2020.04.007

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Dromedary camels are known for their well-adaptation to the extreme hot desert environment, with the capability to elevate their body temperature to 41-42 • C during severe hot (2,3,5,6). In addition, camels, in comparison to other species from the same geographical area, show higher resistance to several infectious diseases (2,18,(39)(40)(41)(42). This suggests the existence of specific adaptation mechanisms of the camel immune system that allow their survival and higher resistance to diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Cell Vitality, Phenotype, and Function of Dromedary Camel Leukocytes After Whole Blood Exposure to Heat Stress in vitro

Hussen

2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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The dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) is well-adapted to the desert environment with the ability to tolerate increased internal body temperatures rising daily to 41–42°C during extreme hot. This study was undertaken to assess whether in vitro incubation of camel blood at 41°C, simulating conditions of heat stress, differently alters cell vitality, phenotype, and function of leukocytes, compared to incubation at 37°C (normothermia). Using flow cytometry, the cell vitality (necrosis and apoptosis), the expression of several cell markers and adhesion molecules, and the antimicrobial functions of camel leukocytes were analyzed in vitro. The fraction of apoptotic cells within the granulocytes, lymphocytes, and monocytes increased significantly after incubation of camel whole blood at 41°C for 4 h. The higher increase in apoptotic granulocytes and monocytes compared to lymphocytes suggests higher resistance of camel lymphocytes to heat stress. Functionally, incubation of camel blood at 41°C for 4 h enhanced the phagocytosis and ROS production activities of camel neutrophils and monocytes toward S. aureus. Monocytes from camel blood incubated at 41°C for 4 h significantly decreased their expression level of MHC class II molecules with no change in the abundance of CD163, resulting in a CD163high MHC-IIlow M2-like macrophage phenotype. In addition, heat stress treatment showed an inhibitory effect on the LPS-induced changes in camel monocytes phenotype. Furthermore, in vitro incubation of camel blood at 41°C reduced the expression of the cell adhesion molecules CD18 and CD11a on neutrophils and monocytes. Collectively, the present study identified some heat-stress-induced phenotypic and functional alterations in camel blood leukocytes, providing a paradigm for comparative immunology in the large animals. The clinical relevance of the observed changes in camel leukocytes for the adaptation of the camel immune response to heat stress conditions needs further in vitro and in vivo studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Cell Vitality, Phenotype, and Function of Dromedary Camel Leukocytes After Whole Blood Exposure to Heat Stress in vitro

Hussen

2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…But it is important to note that the symptoms of COVID-19 are more similar to MERS-CoV infection. Because most confirmed MERS-CoV cases have had fever, cough, shortness of breath and some others also had nausea and vomiting and diarrhoea [ 21 ]. Most common underlying disease among MERS-CoV patients are diabetes, cancer, chronic lung disease, chronic heart disease and chronic kidney disease [ 20 ] and the most common underlying disease among COVID-19 patients in this study were hypertension, diabetic, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary heart disease, cancer, chronic renal disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial neural network and logistic regression modelling to characterize COVID-19 infected patients in local areas of Iran

et al. 2021

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Objectives COVID-19 is an infectious disease that started spreading globally at the end of 2019. Due to differences in patient characteristics and symptoms in different regions, in this research, a comparative study was performed on COVID-19 patients in 6 provinces of Iran. Also, multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network and Logistic Regression (LR) models were applied for the diagnosis of COVID-19. Methods A total of 1043 patients with suspected COVID-19 infection in Iran participated in this study. 29 characteristics, symptoms and underlying disease were obtained from hospitalized patients. Afterwards, we compared the obtained data between confirmed cases. Furthermore, the data was applied for building the ANN and LR models to diagnosis the infected patients by COVID-19. Results In 750 confirmed patients, Common symptoms were: fever (%) >37.5°C, cough, shortness of breath, fatigue, chills and headache. The most common underlying diseases were: hypertension, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and coronary heart disease. Finally, the accuracy of the ANN model to the diagnosis of COVID-19 infection was higher than the LR model. Conclusions The prevalent symptoms and underlying diseases of COVID-19 patients were similar in different provinces, but the incidence of symptoms was significantly different from each other. Also, the study demonstrated that ANN and LR models have a high ability in the diagnosis of COVID-19 infection.

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“…The new SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has unfolded in real time since December 2019 and its manifestations have been keenly observed by clinicians all over the world and the reports have been published without any delay. In comparison, the two other corona viruses that were found to cause severe infections, SARS-CoV-1 and MERS, identified in 2003 and 2012 respectively, were not reported to cause any skin manifestations [ 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palmar Erythema as the Sole Manifestation of COVID-19

Panambur¹,

Kakkilaya²

2020

Cureus

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The new pandemic COVID-19 is now recognised as a multisystem disease. Variety of skin lesions have been reported in 0.2-20.4% of cases of COVID-19. In some cases of COVID-19, skin lesions have been reported as the initial or the only manifestation. We are reporting a case of bilateral palmar erythema as the sole manifestation of COVID-19 in a 37-year-old female who had a family history of COVID-19 like illness and was later found positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.

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Demographic, clinical, and outcomes of confirmed cases of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA); A retrospective record based study

Cited by 15 publications

References 27 publications

Changes in Cell Vitality, Phenotype, and Function of Dromedary Camel Leukocytes After Whole Blood Exposure to Heat Stress in vitro

Changes in Cell Vitality, Phenotype, and Function of Dromedary Camel Leukocytes After Whole Blood Exposure to Heat Stress in vitro

Artificial neural network and logistic regression modelling to characterize COVID-19 infected patients in local areas of Iran

Palmar Erythema as the Sole Manifestation of COVID-19

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