Demographic Policy in the Kursk Region: A Socio-Economic Analysis

Abstract

Since the beginning of the 21st century, demographic policy in the regions of the Russian Federation has become one of the most important areas of activity at all levels of government. The objectively formed demand of society for the reproduction of its own population, on the one hand, and the growing depopulation of the Russian population, on the other, significantly affect the socio-demographic stability of the regions. For the Kursk region, as for most subjects of the Russian Federation, the demographic situation acts as a barometer of socio-economic development. Based on a multifactorial analysis, a set of measures to mitigate the growing trends in depopulation of the population of the Kursk region and a qualitative change in the demographic situation has been determined. Measures aimed at increasing the birth rate, measures to reduce the mortality rate, reducing migration from the region, increasing per capita cash income, and reducing unemployment are proposed, the effectiveness of which has been verified and substantiated. Based on the results of the study, it is summarized that the most important feature of the regional demographic policy is the possibility of receiving support measures from both the federal and regional levels. Each region has the right to create its own forms of support aimed at improving the demographic situation, but they should not contradict the federal ones. Considering the specifics of demographic policy measures depend on the territory in which it is implemented, the trends that influence its nature and target orientation.