Demographic Responses of the Polychaete Dinophilus Gyrociliatus to Chromium Exposure

Mauri, Marina; Simonini, Roberto; Baraldi, Elena

doi:10.1897/1551-5028(2002)021<1903:drotpd>2.0.co;2

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Several recent studies have also shown biological effects due to Cr(III), including DNA damage and other sublethal effects associated with exposure to sediments from some of the same field sites from which our field sediments were collected [21], reduced growth of Cyanobacteria [14], and reduction in population growth rate of polychaetes [40]. Last, Besser et al [41] report reduced survival of the amphipod Hyalella azteca after 28 d in water‐only exposures to Cr(III) at concentrations below solubility limits at a range of environmentally reasonable pH.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting the toxicity of chromium in sediments

Berry

Boothman

Serbst

et al. 2004

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

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Chromium exists in sediments in two oxidation states: Cr(III), which is relatively insoluble and nontoxic, and Cr(VI), which is much more soluble and toxic. Chromium(VI) is thermodynamically unstable in anoxic sediments, and acid-volatile sulfide (AVS) is formed only in anoxic sediments; therefore sediments with measurable AVS concentrations should not contain toxic Cr(VI). If this hypothesis holds true, measuring AVS could form the basis for a theoretically based guideline for Cr in sediments. Ten-day water-only and spiked sediment toxicity tests with the amphipod Ampelisca abdita were performed with Cr(VI) and Cr(III), along with sediments collected from a site contaminated with high concentrations of Cr. In sediments where AVS exceeded analytical detection limits, Cr concentrations in interstitial water were very low (<100 microg/L) and no significant toxicity to A. abdita was observed. In sediments in which AVS was not significantly greater than zero, Cr concentrations in interstitial waters increased significantly, with greater than 90% of the Cr present as Cr(VI), and mortality of A. abdita was elevated. These results demonstrate that measurements of AVS and interstitial water chromium can be useful in predicting the absence of acute effects from Cr contamination in sediments.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting the toxicity of chromium in sediments

Berry

Boothman

Serbst

et al. 2004

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

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“…Dimorphilus gyrociliatus cocoons contained 1-9 large (female) embryos and 1-3 small (dwarf males) embryos (Shearer, 1911;Mauri et al, 2002). Dwarf males die soon after hatching, and also lack both continuous ciliary bands as well as a digestive system (Windoffer, Westheide, 1988a, b).…”

Section: Selection Of Embryonic Juvenile Adult and Elder Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ciliary bands in the prostomium region of Dimorphilus gyrociliatus (Annelida: Dinophiliformia) and their involvement in food uptake

Fofanova

Voronezhskaya

2021

Invertzool

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A prototroch is a characteristic larval idiosyncratic structure conserved among Lophotrochozoa. It appears as the first prominent structure during embryogenesis, serves for swimming and filter-feeding, then degenerates or is modified after metamorphosis. Using cutting-edge confocal laser scanning microscopy, we investigated the detailed structure of the Dimorphilus gyrociliatus prototroch area and demonstrated that it is much more complex than previously thought. The first row of ciliated cells differentiates at the trochophore stage. By juvenile stage, three rows of ciliated cells are located in the prostomium region: an anterior row of cells with long (14-16 µm) cilia, an intermediate row of cells with short (3-4 µm) cilia, and a posterior row of cells with cilia of middle length (9-10 µm). Each ciliated row consists of two bands of cilia-bearing cells. We suggest that the anterior row represents what is commonly considered a prototroch. At the same time, the intermediate row is considered homologous to the adoral ciliary zone, and the posterior row is considered homologous to the metatroch. Older individuals retain this ciliated apparatus until the last days of their life. With age, cilia in prototroch and metatroch become twice shorter; and the prototroch gets wider, at the end consisting of four lines of ciliated cells. Interestingly, under the inhibition of muscle contraction, the freshly hatched juveniles maintain the ability to uptake food particles. These findings confirm earlier observations showing that D. gyrociliatus uses its complex ciliated apparatus in the prostomial region for filter-feeding in addition to bulbus-scrabbing. Thus, we clarified the organization of the ciliary bands of D. gyrociliatus located in the prostomial region, documented their persistence during ontogenesis, as well as confirmed the participation of the ciliary apparatus in active food intake. These data support the paedomorphic character demonstrated for Dimorphilus gyrociliatus.

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“…A method for evaluating the consequences of environmental or biological factors for individual life-history parameters at population level, combining approaches that have traditionally been followed separately, is life-table response experiments (Caswell 2000). This method has been used to test the effects of environmental parameters, intra-specific density, larval development mode, different genetic strains, seasonality, laboratory rearing and exposure to pollutants in polychaete species such as Streblospio benedicti, Capitella sp, Ophryotrocha diadema and, more recently, Ophrytrocha labronica and Dinophilus gyrociliatus (Åkesson 1976, Levin et al 1987, Hansen et al 1999, Prevedelli & Simonini 2001a,b, 2002, Mauri et al 2002.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life history and demography of three populations of Ophryotrocha japonica (Polychaeta: Dorvilleidae)

Simonini

Prevedelli²

2003

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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This paper examines the life history and demography of 3 populations of the polychaete Ophryotrocha japonica, an alien species that until 2001 had only been reported in harbour environments along the Asian and American coasts of the Pacific. The populations analysed came from the Italian harbours of Leghorn and Ravenna, and from the brackish Mar Piccolo of Taranto. The 3 strains are inter-fertile, both with one another and with their Pacific counterparts, but were nevertheless found to have morphological, reproductive and demographic differences. In the Leghorn and Taranto populations there is a sort of sexual dimorphism based on body size that is not present in the Ravenna strain, while the most important differences concern their reproductive characteristics, with great variations being observed in their respective fecundity, egg size and reproductive investment. The differences in life history have very important consequences for the demography and fitness of each population. In particular, morphometric, reproductive and demographic characteristics set the Leghorn population apart from the other 2; it reaches sexual maturity more rapidly, lives longer, is decidedly larger and its population growth rate λ is 2.26 wk -1. The Ravenna and Taranto populations appear to be more alike; their eggs are the same size, they are equally fecund, make a similar reproductive investment and have λ-values of 1.82 and 1.83 wk -1 , respectively. The marked differences observed among the 3 populations may depend on the species' adaptation to different environmental situations, but could also be the result of independent introductions from different localities or at different times. KEY WORDS: Life history · Demography · Population · Ophryotrocha japonica · PolychaetaResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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Demographic Responses of the Polychaete Dinophilus Gyrociliatus to Chromium Exposure

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Predicting the toxicity of chromium in sediments

Predicting the toxicity of chromium in sediments

Ciliary bands in the prostomium region of Dimorphilus gyrociliatus (Annelida: Dinophiliformia) and their involvement in food uptake

Life history and demography of three populations of Ophryotrocha japonica (Polychaeta: Dorvilleidae)

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