Demographics and Epidemiology of Pancreatic Cancer

Abstract

Pancreatic cancer affects 44,000 Americans and at least 250,000 individuals worldwide annually. The incidence is slowly increasing after a recent period of decline. Cases are predicted to increase globally because of increased longevity and the widespread adoption of cancer-causing behaviors, such as cigarette smoking, dietary indiscretion, and a global increase in diabetes. Well-known risk factors for pancreatic cancer are advancing age, tobacco smoking, obesity, certain inherited familial disorders, second-hand smoke exposure, chronic pancreatitis, and diabetes. Associations with human immunodeficiency virus, ABO blood group, hepatitis B virus, human immunodeficiency virus, and Helicobacter pylori have also been identified.

Risk of Cancer in Patients with Cholecystitis: A Nationwide Population-based Study

“…First, the data about personal characteristics, such as cigarette smoking, body mass index, alcohol consumption, and family history of malignancy were not available in the NHIRD; and this study was unable to evaluate them as the potential confounding factors for specific cancers. 34,[39][40][41][42][43] Second, misclassification or incorrect coding of diseases in the NHIRD is possible. To minimize this bias, we performed a sensitivity analysis by looking only at patients with twice or thrice diagnostic coding of cholecystitis and still obtained similar results.…”

RNAi Validation of Pancreatic Cancer Antigens Identified by Cell Surface Proteomics

“…Unlike most other cancers, incidences of pancreatic cancer have been on the rise [1,2]. It is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States; in 2013, an estimated 45,220 men and women will be diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, and 38,460 will die from this disease [3].…”

The Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management of Pancreatic Cancer

“…Furthermore the incidence of pancreatic cancer in the United States increased from 1999 to 2008, possibly because of the increasing prevalence of obesity and other unknown factors [1,[3][4][5]. Mortality rates have remained largely unchanged [6].…”

“…Furthermore the incidence of pancreatic cancer in the United States increased from 1999 to 2008, possibly because of the increasing prevalence of obesity and other unknown factors [1,[3][4][5]. Mortality rates have remained largely unchanged [6].The etiology of pancreatic cancer remains unclear, thus making specific risk factors allusive. Still, accepted associated risk factors include smoking, family history of chronic pancreatitis, advancing age, male gender, diabetes mellitus, obesity, non-O blood group, occupational exposures (to chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents and nickel), African American ethnic origin, a high-fat diet, diets high in meat and low in vegetables and folate, and possibly Helicobacter pylori infection and periodontal disease [7].…”