Demographics in general surgery programs: Relationship between female faculty and proportion of female residents

Anderson, Katherine; Hyman, Simone; Henry, Marion C.W.

doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2020.06.044

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Twenty-one studies analyzed discrimination in academic sur-gery; 41–61 16 were cross-sectional studies, 4 were questionnaires and 1 was a semi-structured interview (Supplemental Digital Content Table 1, http://links.lww.com/SLA/D731). Fewer women were represented in senior faculty positions compared with men, with the biggest difference noted in the Full Professor Position 41–50 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrimination Toward Women in Surgery

et al. 2022

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Background:Over the past twenty years explicit gender bias toward women in surgery has been replaced by more subtle barriers, which represent indirect forms of discrimination and prevents equality.Objective:The aim of our scoping review is to summarize the different forms of discrimination toward women in surgery.Methods:The database search consisted of original studies regarding discrimination toward female surgeons.Results:Of 3615 studies meeting research criteria, 63 were included. Of these articles, 11 (18%) were focused on gender-based discrimination, 14 (22%) on discrimination in authorship, research productivity, and research funding, 21 (33%) on discrimination in academic surgery, 7 (11%) on discrimination in surgical leadership positions and 10 (16%) on discrimination during conferences and in surgical societies. The majority (n = 53, 84%) of the included studies were conducted in the U.S.A. According to our analysis, female surgeons experience discrimination from male colleagues, healthcare workers, but also from patients and trainees. Possible solutions may include acknowledgment of the problem, increased education of diversity and integration for the younger generations, mentorship, coaching, and more active engagement by male and female partners to support women in the surgical field.Conclusions:Gender-based discrimination toward women in the field of surgery has evolved over the past twenty years, from an explicit to a more subtle attitude. A work-environment where diversity and flexibility are valued would allow female surgeons to better realize their full potential.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrimination Toward Women in Surgery

et al. 2022

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“…Overall, 55 papers37–91 focused on surgical training for women surgeons, of which 35 were surveys, 15 were retrospective observational studies, 2 were cross-sectional studies, and 3 were semi-structured interviews (Supplemental Material Table 2, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/SLA/D857). Of those, 49 were based in the United States, 1 in Australia, 1 in Canada, 1 in Ireland, 1 in Ireland-UK, 1 in Norway, and 1 in Pakistan.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Barriers to Career Progression of Women in Surgery and Solutions to Improve Them

et al. 2022

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Objective: This study aims to summarize the evidence concerning the barriers that exist to the career progression of women in surgery and to provide potential solutions to overcome these obstacles. Background: Visible and invisible impediments can hinder female doctors’ pursuit of a surgical career, from choosing a surgical specialty to training opportunities and all the way through career progression. Methods: Database search of original studies about barriers for female surgeons during choice of surgical career, residency, and career progression. A query including possible solutions such as mentorship and network was included. Results: Of 4618 total articles; 4497 were excluded as duplicates, having incorrect study focus, or not being original studies; leaving 120 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. Of the articles included, 22 (18%) focused on factors affecting the pursuit of a surgical career, such as surgical work hours and limited time for outside interests, 55 (46%) analyzed the main barriers that exist during surgical residency and fellowship training, such as discrimination and sexual harassment, 27 (23%) focused on barriers to career advancement, heavy workloads, ineffective mentorship, unclear expectations for advancement, inequality in pay or work-home conflicts. Among studies reporting on possible solutions, 8 (6.5%) articles reported on the role of effective mentorship to support career advancement and to provide moral support and 8 (6.5%) on the emerging role of social media for networking. Our analysis showed how different impediments hinder surgical career progression for women, with notable consequences on burnout and attrition. Conclusions: Identification and recognition of obstacles to career progression is the first step to addressing the gender gap in surgery. Active strategies should be improved to promote a culture of diversity and to create equal opportunity for women in surgery, while implementing structured mentoring programs and investing on an adequate communication on social media to engage the future generations.

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Gender Representation Among Ophthalmology Fellowship Directors in 2022

Vought,

Lin

et al. 2024

American Journal of Ophthalmology

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Demographics in general surgery programs: Relationship between female faculty and proportion of female residents

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Discrimination Toward Women in Surgery

Discrimination Toward Women in Surgery

Early Barriers to Career Progression of Women in Surgery and Solutions to Improve Them

Gender Representation Among Ophthalmology Fellowship Directors in 2022

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