Demography of Dietary Restriction and Death in
            <i>Drosophila</i>

Mair, William; Goymer, Patrick; Pletcher, Scott D.; Partridge, Linda

doi:10.1126/science.1086016

Cited by 511 publications

(520 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Demographic modeling has suggested that dietary restriction in Drosophila acts by lowering age independent mortality rather than by slowing the accumulation of senescent damage (Mair et al 2003;Magwere et al 2004;Partridge et al 2005). In the present study, we did not observe such an effect.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

Lifespan modification by glucose and methionine in Drosophila melanogaster fed a chemically defined diet

Troen

French

Roberts

et al. 2006

AGE

108

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Experimentally restricting dietary calories, while maintaining adequate dietary nutrient content, extends lifespan in phylogenetically diverse species; thus suggesting the existence of conserved pathways which can modify lifespan in response to energy intake. However, in some cases the impact on longevity may depend on the quality of the energy source. In Drosophila, restriction of dietary yeast yields considerable lifespan extension whereas isocaloric restriction of dietary sugar yields only modest extension, indicating that other diet-responsive pathways can modify lifespan in this species. In rodents, restricting intake of a single amino acid -methionine -extends lifespan. Here we show that dietary methionine can modify lifespan in adult female, non-virgin Oregon-R strain Drosophila fed a chemically defined media. Compared to a diet containing 0.135% methionine and 15% glucose, high dietary methionine (0.405%) shortened maximum lifespan by 2.33% from 86 to 84 days and mean lifespan by 9.55% from 71.7 to 64.9 days. Further restriction of methionine to 0.045% did not extend maximum lifespan and shortened mean lifespan by 1.95% from 71.1 to 70.3 days. Restricting glucose from 15% to 5% while holding methionine at a concentration of 0.135%, modestly extended maximum lifespan by 5.8% from 86 to 91 days, without extending mean lifespan. All these diet-induced changes were highly significant (log-rank p<0.0001). Notably, all four diets resulted in considerably longer life spans than those typically reported for flies fed conventional yeast and sugar based diets. Such defined diets can be used to identify lifespan-modifying pathways and specific gene-nutrient interactions in Drosophila.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

Lifespan modification by glucose and methionine in Drosophila melanogaster fed a chemically defined diet

Troen

French

Roberts

et al. 2006

AGE

108

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“…This hypothesis leads to the prediction that these paradigms will cause similar changes in the mortality rate doubling time (MRDT) for a given model. When age-related changes continue at the normal rate in an experimental group but fatality due to those changes is decreased relative to controls, as was recently reported to occur in response to dietary restriction in Drosophila (Mair et al 2003), then the MRDT does not change. In contrast, when the rate of aging itself is slowed, MRDT increases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

The diet restriction paradigm: a brief review of the effects of every-other-day feeding

Anson

Jones

Cabod

2005

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It has been known since the early 1900s that restriction of dietary intake relative to the ad libitum (AL) level increases stress resistance, cancer resistance, and longevity in many species. Studies investigating these phenomena have used three paradigms for dietary restriction. In the first, the AL intake of a control group is measured, and an experimental group is fed less than that amount in a specified proportion, e.g., 40%. In the second, food is provided AL to both the control and experimental groups: however, the experimental group is subjected to periods of fasting. Recent studies using this paradigm provide food every other day (EOD). Both of these paradigms have been in use since the early 1900s. A third paradigm that combines them was developed in the early 1970s: one or more days of fasting separate the provision of a limited amount of food. It was assumed for many years that the physiological responses to these paradigms were due exclusively to a net decrease in energy intake. Recently, however, it was found that some species and strains of laboratory animals, when fed AL every other day, are capable of gorging so that their net weekly intake is not greatly decreased. Despite having only a small deficit in energy intake relative to control levels, however, these animals experience enhanced longevity and stress resistance in comparison to AL controls as much as in animals enduring daily restriction of diet. These observations warrant renewed interest in this paradigm and suggest that comparisons of the paradigms and their effects can be used to determine which factors are critical to the beneficial effects of caloric restriction.Many species age more quickly with an ad libitum food intake than with one that is restricted, and the mechanism underlying this effect remains unidentified

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“…These include screening genetic mutants for longevity phenotypes (Lin et al 1998), overexpression of genes known to enhance antioxidant defense mechanisms (Parkes et al 1998), generational selection studies (Rose et al 1992), and environmental strategies such as drug consumption (e.g., 4-phenylbutyrate; PBA; Kang et al 2002) or caloric restriction (Clancy et al 2002;Mair et al 2003). It is becoming increasingly clear that different genetic and environmental strategies for life extension lead to different patterns of gerontological decline in functional abilities of Drosophila (e.g., flight, locomotion, visuo-motor coordination, memory, and learning).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved functional abilities of the life-extended Drosophila mutant Methuselah are reversed at old age to below control levels

Petrosyan

Gonçalves

Hsieh

et al. 2013

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Methuselah (mth) is a chromosome 3 Drosophila mutant with an increased lifespan. A large number of studies have investigated the genetic, molecular, and biochemical mechanisms of the mth gene. Much less is known about the effects of mth on preservation of sensorimotor abilities throughout Drosophila's lifespan, particularly in late life. The current study investigated functional senescence in mth and its parental-control line (w1118) in two experiments that measured age-dependent changes in flight functions and locomotor activity. In experiment 1, a total of 158 flies (81 mth and 77 controls) with an age range from 10 to 70 days were individually tethered under an infrared laser-sensor system that allowed monitoring of flight duration during phototaxic flight. We found that mth has a statistically significant advantage in maintaining continuous flight over control flies at age 10 days, but not during middle and late life. At age 70 days, the trend reversed and parental control flies had a small but significant advantage, suggesting an interaction between age and genotype in the ability to sustain flight. In experiment 2, a total of 173 different flies (97 mth and 76 controls) with an age range from 50 to 76 days were individually placed in a large well-lit arena (60×45 cm) and their locomotor activity quantified as the distance walked in a 1-min period. Results showed that mth flies had lower levels of locomotor activity relative to controls at ages 50 and 60 days. These levels converged for the two genotypes at the oldest ages tested. Findings show markedly different patterns of functional decline for the mth line relative to those previously reported for other life-extended genotypes, suggesting that different life-extending genes have dissimilar effects on preservation of sensory and motor abilities throughout an organism's lifespan.

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Demography of Dietary Restriction and Death in Drosophila

Cited by 511 publications

References 18 publications

Lifespan modification by glucose and methionine in Drosophila melanogaster fed a chemically defined diet

Lifespan modification by glucose and methionine in Drosophila melanogaster fed a chemically defined diet

The diet restriction paradigm: a brief review of the effects of every-other-day feeding

Improved functional abilities of the life-extended Drosophila mutant Methuselah are reversed at old age to below control levels

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