Demography: To the limit

Scully, Tony

doi:10.1038/492s2a

Cited by 37 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Globally, the older adult population has increased substantially, and it is estimated to reach approximately 22% of the world’s population by 2050 [1,2]. The risk of non-communicable diseases and disability increases with age, providing a challenge for health and social care resources [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedentary behavior and health outcomes among older adults: a systematic review

et al. 2014

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BackgroundIn the last decade, sedentary behavior has emerged as a new risk factor for health. The elderly spend most of their awake time in sedentary activities. Despite this high exposure, the impact of this sedentary behavior on the health of this population has not yet been reviewed. We systematically reviewed evidence for associations between sedentary behavior and multiple health outcomes in adults over 60 years of age.MethodsWe searched the Medline, Embase, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, CINAHL, LILLACS, and Sedentary Research Database for observational studies published up to May 2013. Additionally, we contacted members of the Sedentary Behaviour Research Network to identify articles that were potentially eligible. After inclusion, the methodological quality of the evidence was assessed in each study.ResultsWe included 24 eligible articles in our systematic review, of which only 2 (8%) provided high-quality evidence. Greater sedentary time was related to an increased risk of all-cause mortality in the older adults. Some studies with a moderate quality of evidence indicated a relationship between sedentary behavior and metabolic syndrome, waist circumference, and overweightness/obesity. The findings for other outcomes such as mental health, renal cancer cells, and falls remain insufficient to draw conclusions.ConclusionThis systematic review supports the relationship between sedentary behavior and mortality in older adults. Additional studies with high methodological quality are still needed to develop informed guidelines for addressing sedentary behavior in older adults.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedentary behavior and health outcomes among older adults: a systematic review

et al. 2014

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“…While genetic factors are causally linked to familial AD, the pathogenesis of the predominant late-onset sporadic AD is diverse and less defined. Age is one of the best-documented risk factors for sporadic AD, which acts in concert with a wide array of brain insult-promoting vascular and metabolic factors such as hypertension, ischemia, diabetes, high cholesterol, and different forms of environmental stress and stress-related psychiatric symptoms, that is, depression and anxiety [ 1 – 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of ACE Retards Tau Hyperphosphorylation and Signs of Neuronal Degeneration in Aged Rats Subjected to Chronic Mild Stress

AbdAlla

Hakim

Abdelbaset

et al. 2015

BioMed Research International

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With increasing life expectancy, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other types of age-associated dementia are on the rise worldwide. Treatment approaches for dementia are insufficient and novel therapies are not readily available. In this context repurposing of established drugs appears attractive. A well-established class of cardiovascular drugs, which targets the angiotensin II system, is such a candidate, which currently undergoes a paradigm shift with regard to the potential benefit for treatment of neurodegenerative symptoms. In search for additional evidence, we subjected aged rats to chronic unpredictable mild stress, which is known to enhance the development of AD-related neuropathological features. We report here that four weeks of chronic mild stress induced a strong upregulation of the hippocampal angiotensin-converting enzyme (Ace) at gene expression and protein level. Concomitantly, tau protein hyperphosphorylation developed. Signs of neurodegeneration were detected by the significant downregulation of neuronal structure proteins such as microtubule-associated protein 2 (Map2) and synuclein-gamma (Sncg). Ace was involved in neurodegenerative symptoms because treatment with the brain-penetrating ACE inhibitor, captopril, retarded tau hyperphosphorylation and signs of neurodegeneration. Moreover, ACE inhibitor treatment could counteract glutamate neurotoxicity by preventing the downregulation of glutamate decarboxylase 2 (Gad2). Taken together, ACE inhibition targets neurodegeneration triggered by environmental stress.

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“…With increasing life expectancy [1] , a concomitant increase of bed-ridden state patients is a rising social and clinical problem in Japan and other countries [2] . Major causes of the increase in bed-ridden patients are brain infarction, frailty, bone fracture, and others [3] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolism of Skin-Absorbed Resveratrol into Its Glucuronized Form in Mouse Skin

et al. 2014

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Resveratrol (RESV) is a plant polyphenol, which is thought to have beneficial metabolic effects in laboratory animals as well as in humans. Following oral administration, RESV is immediately catabolized, resulting in low bioavailability. This study compared RESV metabolites and their tissue distribution after oral uptake and skin absorption. Metabolomic analysis of various mouse tissues revealed that RESV can be absorbed and metabolized through skin. We detected sulfated and glucuronidated RESV metabolites, as well as dihydroresveratrol. These metabolites are thought to have lower pharmacological activity than RESV. Similar quantities of most RESV metabolites were observed 4 h after oral or skin administration, except that glucuronidated RESV metabolites were more abundant in skin after topical RESV application than after oral administration. This result is consistent with our finding of glucuronidated RESV metabolites in cultured skin cells. RESV applied to mouse ears significantly suppressed inflammation in the TPA inflammation model. The skin absorption route could be a complementary, potent way to achieve therapeutic effects with RESV.

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Demography: To the limit

Cited by 37 publications

References 0 publications

Sedentary behavior and health outcomes among older adults: a systematic review

Sedentary behavior and health outcomes among older adults: a systematic review

Inhibition of ACE Retards Tau Hyperphosphorylation and Signs of Neuronal Degeneration in Aged Rats Subjected to Chronic Mild Stress

Metabolism of Skin-Absorbed Resveratrol into Its Glucuronized Form in Mouse Skin

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