Demonstration Laboratory of Industry 4.0 Retrofitting and Operator 4.0 Solutions: Education towards Industry 5.0

Abstract

One of the main challenges of Industry 4.0 is how advanced sensors and sensing technologies can be applied through the Internet of Things layers of existing manufacturing. This is the so-called Brownfield Industry 4.0, where the different types and ages of machines and processes need to be digitalized. Smart retrofitting is the umbrella term for solutions to show how we can digitalize manufacturing machines. This problem is critical in the case of solutions to support human workers. The Operator 4.0 concept shows how we can efficiently support workers on the shop floor. The key indicator is the readiness level of a company, and the main bottleneck is the technical knowledge of the employees. This study proposes an education framework and a related Operator 4.0 laboratory that prepares students for the development and application of Industry 5.0 technologies. The concept of intelligent space is proposed as a basis of the educational framework, which can solve the problem of monitoring the stochastic nature of operators in production processes. The components of the intelligent space are detailed through the layers of the IoT in the form of a case study conducted at the laboratory. The applicability of indoor positioning systems is described with the integration of machine-, operator- and environment-based sensor data to obtain real-time information from the shop floor. The digital twin of the laboratory is developed in a discrete event simulator, which integrates the data from the shop floor and can control the production based on the simulation results. The presented framework can be utilized to design education for the generation of Industry 5.0.

Bibliometric Trends in Industry 5.0 Research: An Updated Overview

“…In the third phase (2022-2023), we see the continuation of some themes such as big data, but also the emergence of additional themes such as artificial intelligence [50][51][52]. Another emerging theme is the link between Operator 4.0 and I5.0 [12,53,54].…”

Extension of HAAS for the Management of Cognitive Load

“…This subsection will elucidate the methodologies and sensors that are utilized to design the cognitive load experiments and record the physiological signals and other environmental parameters surrounding the participants. The Operator 4.0 laboratory [56] at the University of Pannonia has been utilized as the place for settling the experiments. The Shimmer3 wearable sensor [57] has been used to capture two principal physiological signals.…”

Smart Retrofit: An Innovative and Sustainable Solution

“…Ruppert T. et al [55] also point out in their article that manufacturing industries, especially SMEs, often lack the knowledge and resources to develop I4.0 solutions. In these situations, a smart retrofit can provide a quick and cost-effective way to improve productivity and competitiveness.…”