Demonstration of conventional soliton, bound-state soliton, and noise-like pulse based on chromium sulfide as saturable absorber

Abstract

Ferromagnetic semiconductor chromium sulfide (Cr2S3), as a member of transition metal chalcogenide (TMC), exhibits the narrow bandgap value of 0.45 eV theoretically and has been applied in photoelectric field. However, the application in ultrafast fiber laser of Cr2S3 has not been investigation at present. In this work, the Cr2S3-based SA was successfully prepared by depositing nanosheets onto tapered fiber. The conventional soliton (CS) operation, three pulse bound-state (BS) soliton operation, and noise-like pulse (NLP) operation around 1531 nm are observed from 80 mW to 147 mW in an EDFL. The experimental results demonstrated that Cr2S3 as a promising 2D material has tremendous potential in designing ultrafast photonics device.

Germanene Nanosheets as Saturable Absorbers for Soliton Rains and Large-Energy Pulse Generation in Passively Mode-Locked Fiber Lasers

“…Additionally, CS, Q-switched pulse, and dissipative soliton resonant square pulse outputs were all achieved in an Er-doped fiber laser (EDFL) by them . In 2023, based on the applications of PdTe 2 and MoTe 2 , Zeng et al and Wu et al made significant research breakthroughs in the field of photoelectric detection. , Besides the above reports, newly discovered 2D materials − have demonstrated ultrafast saturable absorption properties. Researchers have been forging ahead in their quest for superior materials.…”

Generation of Bright Pulses, Dark–Bright–Dark Pulses, and H-Shaped Pulse Rains in Fiber Lasers with CoTe2 Nanosheets as Saturable Absorbers for Ultrafast Photonics

“…26 In 2022, Yang et al obtained conventional soliton (CS), three-pulse bound-state (BS) soliton, and noise-like pulse (NLP) in a fiber laser with Cr 2 S 3 −SAs. 27 Various material-based SAs play a crucial role in the study of abundant pulsed phenomena in fiber lasers. CoTe 2 nanosheets are a promising 2D semiconductor contact material as a transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) with strong photon absorption and exciton generation.…”

“…In 2021, Zheng et al realized the conversion of dark soliton and dark–bright soliton pairs using an ZrSe 2 based SA . In 2022, Yang et al obtained conventional soliton (CS), three-pulse bound-state (BS) soliton, and noise-like pulse (NLP) in a fiber laser with Cr 2 S 3 –SAs . Various material-based SAs play a crucial role in the study of abundant pulsed phenomena in fiber lasers.…”

Indium antimonide-based saturable absorber to demonstrate passively Q-switched and mode-locked operation

“…In addition, nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR) [16][17][18] and nonlinear amplification ring mirrors (NALM) can be used as artificial saturable absorbers using nonlinear effects [19][20]. However, the real application of NPR and NALM is constrained by limited output power, weak ambient stability and difficulty in self-starting [22]. Currently, semiconductor saturated absorption mirrors (SESAMs) [23][24][25][26], graphene [27][28][29] and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are the three most common SAs for passively Q-switched and mode-locked laser manipulation [30][31][32][33].…”