Dendrite Segregation Changes in High Temperature Homogenization Process of As-cast H13 Steel

Han, Yahui; Li, Changsheng; Ren, Jia; Qiu, Chunlin; Zhang, Yongqiang; Wang, Jiayou

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.isijint-2019-148

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The high-temperature homogenization treatment is one of the most effective methods because the enriched solutes in the inter-dendritic regions would sufficiently diffuse during the long soaking time under a high temperature, and the primary carbides would decompose and dissolve at the same time. 11,12) However, the method is energy-intensive and would give rise to grain coarsening. 12) Increasing the cooling rate can also achieve the refinement of dendritic structures and suppress the dendritic segregation since a higher cooling rate could reduce the secondary dendrite arm spacing, which is used to measure the scale of dendritic segregation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11,12) However, the method is energy-intensive and would give rise to grain coarsening. 12) Increasing the cooling rate can also achieve the refinement of dendritic structures and suppress the dendritic segregation since a higher cooling rate could reduce the secondary dendrite arm spacing, which is used to measure the scale of dendritic segregation. 13) Meanwhile, the refinement of dendritic structures would restrain the growth of primary carbides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cerium Addition Effect on Modification of Inclusions, Primary Carbides and Microstructure Refinement of H13 Die Steel

Wang

Liu

et al. 2021

ISIJ Int.

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A comprehensive study of the Ce addition effect on microstructure, inclusions, and primary carbides in H13 steel was carried out. 3D morphology of inclusions and primary carbides was assessed by the non-aqueous electrolytic method. The addition of 0.0038 mass% Ce had no obvious refinement effect on dendritic structures in H13 steel. With Ce content increase from 0.0038 to 0.019 mass%, dendritic structures of H13 steel were refined. Al 2 O 3 and MnS inclusions in original H13 steel promoted heterogeneous nucleation of primary carbides. Al content increased, and S content decreased with increasing Ce content. When the latter was increased from 0.0038 to 0.019 mass%, the original inclusions were modified first to Al 11 O 18 Ce and CeAlO 3 , then to Ce 2 O 3, and, finally, to Ce 2 O 2 S. Numerous small-sized Ce 2 O 2 S inclusions were found in steel with 0.019 mass% Ce, which promoted nucleation of γ -Fe during solidification and contributed to the refinement of as-cast dendritic microstructures of H13 steel. Besides, Ce 2 O 2 S inclusions suppressed heterogeneous nucleation of primary carbides. The size of primary carbides decreased, and their morphology became less developed due to the finer microstructure hindering their growth. Finally, banded structures in forged Ce-bearing H13 steel were improved.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerium Addition Effect on Modification of Inclusions, Primary Carbides and Microstructure Refinement of H13 Die Steel

Wang

Liu

et al. 2021

ISIJ Int.

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“…The microstructure of the 0.1C alloy consists of martensite and a small fraction of ferrite. The spatial distribution of ferrite resembles that of interdendritic regions in cast microstructures [ 65 ]. This observation can be justified by the higher ferrite potential of interdendritic regions, due to the segregation of Cr out of dendrites in the solidification step [ 21 , 66 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Carbon on the Microstructure Evolution and Hardness of Fe–13Cr–xC (x = 0–0.7 wt.%) Stainless Steel

et al. 2021

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The influence of carbon on the phase transformation behavior of stainless steels with the base chemical composition Fe–13Cr (wt.%), and carbon concentrations in the range of 0–0.7 wt.%, was studied at temperatures between −196 °C and liquidus temperature. Based on differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements, the solidification mode changed from ferritic to ferritic–austenitic as the carbon concentration increased. The DSC results were in fair agreement with the thermodynamic equilibrium calculation results. In contrast to alloys containing nearly 0% C and 0.1% C, alloys containing 0.2–0.7% C exhibited a fully austenitic phase stability range without delta ferrite at high temperatures. Quenching to room temperature (RT) after heat treatment in the austenite range resulted in the partial transformation to martensite. Due to the decrease in the martensite start temperature, the fraction of retained austenite increased with the carbon concentration. The austenite fraction was reduced by cooling to −196 °C. The variation in hardness with carbon concentration for as-quenched steels with martensitic–austenitic microstructures indicated a maximum at intermediate carbon concentrations. Given the steady increase in the tetragonality of martensite at higher carbon concentrations, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction measurements, the variation in hardness with carbon concentration is governed by the amount and stability of austenite.

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“…A lot of scholars have denoted to the research on the homogenization and hot deformation of as‐cast H13 steel. In our previous study, [ 9 ] it reported that the grain size increased with the increase in homogenization time, and the grain size was 240 μm at 1200 °C for 20 h. Ma et al, [ 10 ] Lu et al, [ 11 ] and Torkar et al [ 12 ] reported that, utilizing sufficient high‐temperature homogenization treatment (1200–1300 °C) of ingot prior to hot forging, the performance of H13 steel was obviously improved. Li et al, [ 13 ] Zhao et al, [ 14 ] Fan et al, [ 15 ] and Liang et al [ 16 ] reported that it was easier to obtain small and uniform equiaxed grains at high strain rates than at low strain rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural Evolution during Homogenization and Hot Deformation for As‐Cast H13 Steel

Han

Ren

et al. 2020

steel research int.

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The hot compression experiments are accomplished to investigate the microstructural evolution of as‐cast H13 steel during homogenization treatment and hot deformation. At a certain homogenization temperature, the dynamic recrystallization (DRX) volume fraction increases with increasing strain and deformation temperature and decreasing strain rate. However, the DRX is also easy to proceed at a high strain rate of 5 s−1 due to the high shear stress. The recrystallization is inhibited in a dendrite segregation region. The residual dendrite segregation left after homogenization treatment will improve the recrystallization nucleation rate during the subsequent deformation. The recrystallization grains preferentially nucleate in the dendrite region, and the grain growth is inhibited by the dendrite segregation. The partial homogenization before deformation is beneficial to achieve the fine microstructure.

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Dendrite Segregation Changes in High Temperature Homogenization Process of As-cast H13 Steel

Cited by 27 publications

References 22 publications

Cerium Addition Effect on Modification of Inclusions, Primary Carbides and Microstructure Refinement of H13 Die Steel

Cerium Addition Effect on Modification of Inclusions, Primary Carbides and Microstructure Refinement of H13 Die Steel

Influence of Carbon on the Microstructure Evolution and Hardness of Fe–13Cr–xC (x = 0–0.7 wt.%) Stainless Steel

Microstructural Evolution during Homogenization and Hot Deformation for As‐Cast H13 Steel

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