Dendritic Hydrogels with Robust Inherent Antibacterial Properties for Promoting Bacteria-Infected Wound Healing

Abstract

Bacterial infections are a common problem associated with wound treatment that imposes a significant burden on healthcare systems and patients. As a result, healthcare providers urgently need new treatment strategies to protect people. Hydrogel biomaterials with inherent antimicrobial properties offer an attractive and viable solution to this issue. Here, for the first time, we have developed a new efficient synthetic strategy to prepare cationic hydrogels (PHCI) with intrinsically efficient antimicrobial properties by chemically cross-linking trans-1,4-cyclohexanediamine with 1,3-dibromo-2-propanol using a condensation reaction without the use of toxic cross-linking agents. As expected, the prepared PHCI hydrogel possessed an inherent antibacterial ability that can adsorb and kill Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli electrostatically. Notably, in vivo experiments on normal and diabetic rat models confirmed that the PHCI hydrogel can quickly stop bleeding, efficiently kill bacteria, promote the conversion of macrophages from the proinflammatory M1 phenotype to the repaired M2 phenotype, and accelerate collagen deposition and blood vessel formation, thereby achieving rapid wound healing. Overall, this work presents an effective antibacterial dressing that might provide a facile but effective approach for clinical wound management.

Continuous Self‐Oxygenated Double‐Layered Hydrogel under Natural Light for Real‐Time Infection Monitoring, Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy, and Hypoxia Relief in Refractory Diabetic Wounds Healing

“…Oxygen supply showed significant impact on the expression of HIF‐1α, which in turn regulated the expression of inflammatory factors through the NF‐ΚB pathway, thereby promoting the polarization of macrophages from M1 to M2 phenotype. [ 37 ] The effect of oxygen production on the polarization of macrophages from M1 phenotype to M2 phenotype was also examined at the cellular level through incubation of different hydrogels with Raw264.7 macrophages (Figures S35 and S36, Supporting Information). The Gel1(Cyan) and Gel1(Cyan)/Gel2(PCN) hydrogels demonstrated superior ability in reducing the mRNA expression of M1 macrophage markers and HIF‐1α, and simultaneously increased the mRNA expression of M2 macrophage markers.…”

Effect of Currently Available Nanoparticle Synthesis Routes on Their Biocompatibility with Fibroblast Cell Lines

“…For years, several different popular conventional methods used for synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles have employed different chemicals as reducing and capping agents. These chemicals form toxic by-products in the production of titanium nanoparticles, resulting in the cytotoxicity of these newly formed nanoparticles [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Many completely natural resources have been manipulated by biological synthesis, such as algae, plants, bacteria, viruses and fungi.…”

Nucleopeptide-Coupled Injectable Bioconjugated Guanosine-Quadruplex Hydrogel with Inherent Antibacterial Activity

“…However, the repetitive use of antibiotics has led to antibiotic resistance, and hence, there is an urgent need for new strategies to combat the bacterial infections. , In recent times, biomaterial-based low-molecular-weight self-assembled hydrogels have gained significant importance due to their wide range of applications in the field of biomedicine. − The presence of a three-dimensional (3D) nanofibrillar network within the hydrogel allows it to serve as a promising biomaterial for encapsulation of drugs and their delivery at target sites . Furthermore, due to the high moisture retaining capacity, hydrogels are also known to promote re-epithelialization of wounds by providing a moist environment at target sites, and hence, they have emerged as suitable wound dressings to promote rapid wound healing. − Hydrogels have been successfully utilized for the treatment of bacterial infections by encapsulation of antibiotics and antibacterial metal nanoparticles. However, antibiotic-loaded hydrogels are prone to antibiotic resistance.…”